The Scientific Revolution & The Enlightenment “The Age of Reason”
“If there is something you know, communicate it “If there is something you know, communicate it. If there is something you don't know, search for it.”
The Scientific Revolution What was it? A 17th Century movement that provided a new model for solving problems through rational thought and experimentation, rather than on the authority of religion.
The Scientific Revolution The ideas from the Renaissance led people to be more curious about the world. (Science, Mathematics, etc.) During the 17th Century there were many advances in the fields of Science and Mathematics, which led to the emergence of Modern Science.
Copernicus & Galileo Copernicus Galileo He concluded that the sun was the center of the Universe instead of the Earth Galileo He took Copernicus’ ideas even further and also perfected the telescope
“I think, therefore I am,” Rene descartes “I think, therefore I am,”
French philosopher, mathematician and scientist. Rene Descartes French philosopher, mathematician and scientist. He saw man’s ability to reason as the very proof of his existence
Rene descartes He sought to uncover the meaning of the natural world with a rational approach, through science and mathematics.
Sir Isaac newton http://ww w.biograp hy.com/pe ople/isaac -newton- 9422656/vi deos/isaac -newton- modern- science- 208006063 3#video- gallery
Sir Isaac newton Newton, like Descartes, presented a vision of the universe whose most basic workings could be calculated and understood rationally, but which was also the work of a Creator. Newton is most famous for his law of gravitation among many other accomplishments.
The scientific revolution https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hodYUDDfsY
What made the scientific revolution a revolution? So…. What made the scientific revolution a revolution?
The enlightenment (1650-1800)
What is the enlightenment? A 17th century REVOLUTION in human thought. New emphasis on reason.
What impact did reason have on society? With the right use of reason, all society’s problems could be solved more easily and all mankind could live more happily. There was steady economic growth. New advances in agriculture and technology.
The fundamental question How could they have made mankind happy and free?
Discovering underlying laws and rights The answer Discovering underlying laws and rights
Science and Reason
Enlightenment thinkers Philosophers who played a major role in the Age of Reason
Thomas hobbes
Influences Hobbes was an admirer of Galileo. Thomas hobbes Influences Hobbes was an admirer of Galileo. Attempted to apply Galileo’s scientific principles to social theory. The English Civil War.
Beliefs/philosophies Thomas hobbes Beliefs/philosophies human behavior could be predicted by exact, scientific laws. attempted to turn politics into a science. Men needed an all-powerful sovereign to rule over them.
Thomas hobbes Men are…. ultimately selfish and competitive. motivated primarily by the desire for power and by fear of other men
John locke
John locke Influences Sir Isaac Newton’s description of the universe as a vast machine operating by precise, unvarying scientific laws The Glorious Revolution
John locke Beliefs/philosophies He believed that people could live amicably together he outlined a theory of politics based on people’s natural rights: life, liberty, and property (the Declaration of Independence) He believed that the government should protect natural rights.
John locke Men are… Innately good
France: the philosophes Who were they? French thinkers were known as philosophes. They built upon the ideas of John Locke.
Philosophes held three basic tenants: The philosophes Philosophes held three basic tenants: 1. Human society is governed by Natural Laws. 2. These Natural Laws can be discovered by rational men. 3. Human society can move forward with rational thought.
THE BARON DE MONTESQUIEU(1689- 1755) French philosophes THE BARON DE MONTESQUIEU(1689- 1755) VOLTAIRE (1694-1778) ROUSSEAU (1712-1778)
What made the Age of Enlightenment a period of Revolution?