HISTORY 103 The Global Cold War.

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Presentation transcript:

HISTORY 103 The Global Cold War

Focus Questions How did the Cold War develop? What was Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)? In what ways was the Cold War actually about hot war?

Cold War bi-polar world stand-off between USA and USSR: result: ideological Economic military result: competition: technological, information, economic proxy wars First World v. Third World theatres for ‘hot’ wars

Nuclear stand-off 1950s 1949 USSR atomic capability 1954: Bikini Atoll test USA (hydrogen bomb) 1955: USSR hydrogen bomb Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) kept Cold War cold?

Controlling nuclear capacity Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 1969 (USA, USSR, China, France, UK): NATO shared weapons with allies global placement UN, Geneva Conventions: nuclear weaponry = violation law of war Israel (1967?), India 1974, Pakistan 1998, North Korea 2006

Global domination UN: General Assembly and Security Council (USA, USSR, China, UK, France + 10 others, power of veto) military pacts: North Atlantic Treaty Organisation 1949 (NATO), Warsaw Pact 1955, regional blocs (eg ANZUS, SEATO) economic domination (global trade): World Trade Organisation (WTO), International Monetary Fund (IMF): creation ‘Third World’ v. ‘First World’

Proxy wars Chinese Cultural Revolution 1949: Mao Zedong rise of ‘red world’ domino effect South America: juntas, dictatorships Middle East: est. Israel 1948 Arab-Israeli conflicts Decolonisation: Asia: Indonesia, Malaya, Phillipines, India, Pakistan, Korea, Vietnam Africa: Pan Africanism, Algeria Ireland: IRA

Korean War 1950 - 1953 end Japanese imperial control (since 1905) two oppositional authoritarian regimes: civil war Cold War divide 38th parallel fears of WWIII: limited war technology: amphibious, helicopters, frontline war, massacres armistice: 3 million dead firmed Cold War

Cuban Missile Crisis October 1962: Kruschev v. Kennedy USSR moved nuclear warheads to Cuba USA moved nuclear warheads to Turkey and Europe local context: US-Cuba relations since Spanish-American War 1898 closest point to MAD

Vietnam War, 1960s - 1972 French colonial rule: war 1950s 1954 zones: north Communist Viet Cong (National Liberation Front) south Vietnamese with French support civil war Cold War frontier 1964 USA at war (+ allies) no frontlines: everywhere war, technological war

Vietnam War, 1960s - 1972 Operation Rolling Thunder: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_eMK5MZTpuU Tet Offensive 1968 anti-war voices: critique of US involvement, critique of power 1972 USA ‘slips’ out of war

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