Review- Quiz 2 Two-dimensional design Art Major II

Positive and Negative Space Space is an Element of Art created simply by drawing an object on a page. Positive space is filled by an object or element. Negative space surrounds the positive space.

Types of Space Plastic or Deep/Infinite Space Decorative or Shallow Space Decorative: has little to no depth Shallow: Confined, limited space in an artwork Plastic or Deep/Infinite Space Plastic: has a 3D feel by creating a sense of depth far beyond the picture frame Deep/Infinite: feels limitless

The Gestalt Principles of Perception Review- Quiz 2 The Gestalt Principles of Perception Gestalt is a psychology term which means "unified whole.” It refers to theories of visual perception developed by German psychologists in the 1920s that attempt to describe how people organize visual elements into groups or unified wholes when certain principles are applied. These principles are: Figure/Ground Relationships Similarity Proximity Closure Continuity Area http://painting-course.com/445/oil-painting/gestalt-principles-of-art-and-design/ http://graphicdesign.spokanefalls.edu/tutorials/process/gestaltprinciples/gestaltprinc.htm http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/gestalt-principles-of-perception/ Art Major II

Figure/Ground Relationships Review- Quiz 2 Figure/Ground Relationships The pictorial relationship between positive and negative spaces in an art work. Helps the viewer identify the figure (or foreground) from the background. Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 Similarity Viewers tend to group together objects that share the same characteristics such as shape, size, color, texture, and value An object can be emphasized if it is dissimilar to the others. This is called anomaly (see example to the right) Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 Proximity Occurs when elements are placed close together. They tend to be perceived as a group. The nine squares above are placed without proximity. They are perceived as separate shapes. When the squares are given close proximity, unity occurs. While they continue to be separate shapes, they are now perceived as one group. Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 Closure The idea that the brain will fill in any extraneous information which is not present in the image. Occurs when an object is incomplete or a space is not completely enclosed Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 Continuity The idea that the eye will continue to look in a direction in which it is pushed by the forms and shapes present. Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 Area The smaller of 2 overlapping objects is seen as the foreground. The larger is seen as the background. Gestalt Theory You likely see the smaller squares as the foreground in both cases. Art Major II

Spatial Indicators The following strategies allow an artist to manipulate the viewer’s perception of space in an artwork: Size Sharpness Location / Placement Overlapping Interpenetration Converging Parallels (linear perspective)

Size As objects move back in space, they appear to get smaller Review- Quiz 2 Size As objects move back in space, they appear to get smaller Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 Sharpness As objects move back in space, they appear to get softer, or blurry (out of focus) This effect is also commonly referred to as atmospheric perspective Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 Location / Placement As objects move up the picture plane they appear to recede, or, as objects move towards the horizon they appear to recede Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Overlapping Objects in front will block objects behind Review- Quiz 2 Overlapping Objects in front will block objects behind Overlap will trump (override) the other indicators, so keep that in mind! Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 Interpenetration When one object passes through another and emerges on the other side Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 Converging Parallels Opposite edges will move towards each other; converging lines often indicate the angle of view This is really just linear perspective!!! Gestalt Theory Art Major II

Review- Quiz 2 PORTRAITURE Art Major II

Quiz #2- Review Portraits Portrait- a likeness of a person, especially of the face, as a painting, drawing, or photograph. Usually depicts the person from the shoulders-up 3 Main Views: Drawing

History of Portraiture Quiz #2- Review History of Portraiture Ancient Times – Renaissance Period Idealized or religious portraits Renaissance Period – Baroque Period More realistic; captured moments in one’s life Drawing

History of Portraiture Quiz #2- Review History of Portraiture Baroque Period - Flemish and German masters like Van Dyke developed the three-quarter and frontal portrait types Baroque Period – 20th Century Self-portraiture became popularized by Rembrandt, who created 80+ self-portraits throughout his life; Artists like Van Gogh followed Drawing

Notable Portrait Artists Quiz #2- Review Notable Portrait Artists Anthony van Dyck Rembrandt (created 80+ self-portraits!) Thomas Sully Vincent Van Gogh Mary Cassatt Alice Bailly Rene Magritte Andy Warhol Chuck Close Drawing

Quiz #2- Review Facial Proportions Drawing

Unit 7- Drawing the Human Form: Portraits Rendering a Portrait Consider your light source. The bone structure of the face reflects light (cheek bones, nose, chin), leaving shadows in the eye sockets, nostrils, under the lower lip, and on the neck. Faces are rounded forms with smooth textures. Therefore, you should render with transitional value shading if you are going for realism http://www.artyfactory.com/portraits/index.html

Review- Quiz 2 WATERCOLORS Art Major II

Color Medium- Watercolors Painting Concepts Color Medium- Watercolors What are they? Water soluble paint packaged in tubes or dry to semi-moist cakes Semi-Permanent Pros: Easy clean-up, low odor, accessible / cheap, non-toxic http://www.art-mine.com/for-sale/paintings-submedium-acrylic/history-of-acrylic-painting

Painting Concepts Review- Techniques Masking- block out areas of the paper with frisket, thereby retaining the white of the paper Wash- filling in the background by wetting the paper and then painting http://www.art-mine.com/for-sale/paintings-submedium-acrylic/history-of-acrylic-painting

Painting Concepts Review- Techniques Glazing- layering colors on top of one-another to build up depth and modify color; bottom layers must be dry before glazing Underpainting- using Paynes Gray to add shadows, then glazing over that layer with color http://www.art-mine.com/for-sale/paintings-submedium-acrylic/history-of-acrylic-painting

Expressive Watercolor Techniques Painting Concepts Expressive Watercolor Techniques Dripping / Bleeding- like wet-on-wet; creates abstract and expressive effects Blowing- usually done with a straw; enables interesting color blending http://www.art-mine.com/for-sale/paintings-submedium-acrylic/history-of-acrylic-painting

Expressive Watercolor Techniques Painting Concepts Expressive Watercolor Techniques Spraying- creating a misting effect, like with a spray bottle Splattering- flinging paint at the canvas with a brush to create small splatters http://www.art-mine.com/for-sale/paintings-submedium-acrylic/history-of-acrylic-painting