Blood Types.

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BLOOD TYPING LAB

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Meghan Hospodar August 11, 2013 Medaille College EDU 671

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Presentation transcript:

Blood Types

Blood Types Determined by blood antigens The antigens are protein markers or bumps on the surface of the red blood cells There are three main antigens (proteins) A B Rh factor (Rhesus factor) which determines positive/negative

Blood Types If we combine these different antigens, there are 8 different blood types possible in humans: A+ A- B+ B- AB+ AB- O+ O-

What does this mean? If you are blood type A: If you are blood type B: You have the A antigen (protein) If you are blood type B: You have the B antigen (protein) If you are blood type AB: You have both the A antigen and the B antigen If you are blood type O: You don’t have either antigen

What does this mean? Then if you have a “+” it means you also have the Rhesus antigen Ex: if you are A+ you have the A antigen and the Rh antigen If you have a “-” it means you don’t have the Rhesus antigen Ex: if you are B- you only have the B antigen

IV. Blood Types Distribution of Blood Types in Quebec

Antigens and Antibodies

Antibodies What are antibodies? They’re proteins used by the immune system to identify and neutralize unwanted things in the blood They’re like the blood’s guard dogs! They attack anything that’s not supposed to be there

Antibodies I CANNOT RECEIVE WHAT I DO NOT HAVE!!!! For every blood type there are antibodies for the other types. For example, if you are A+ You have the A antigen and the Rh antigen You don’t want B blood so you have anti-B antibodies I CANNOT RECEIVE WHAT I DO NOT HAVE!!!!

Determining Blood Type Place 2 drops of blood sample on each spot of the spot plate. Add 2 drops antibody A to spot A, 2 drops of anti-B to spot B and 2 drops of anti-Rh to spot Rh. When clumping happens, the RBC has the specific antigen. - If it clumps it’s because the antibodies found the antigens they are there to protect against Record your results.

Test Results

What Blood Type is It? Does not clump with A -> no A antigen Does clump with B -> has B antigen Does not clump with Rh -> no Rh factor So blood type is: B-

I CANNOT RECEIVE WHAT I DO NOT HAVE!!!! V. Blood Transfusions Def: The injection of blood into a person Recipient -> RECEIVES (gets) blood Donor -> DONATES (gives) blood The recipient cannot receive blood with antigens that are not already present on his/her own blood. Blood will agglutinate (coagulate/clump) if it is mixed with blood having foreign antigens I CANNOT RECEIVE WHAT I DO NOT HAVE!!!!

V. Blood Transfusions Universal Donor Universal Recipient Is blood type O- Can give to every blood type since it has no antigens on it Universal Recipient Is blood type AB+ Can receive every blood types since it has all the antigens on it

V. Blood Transfusions Blood Compatibility Chart ✓ Donor Blood Type O- AB- AB+ Recipient Blood Type ✓

V. Blood Transfusions Blood Transfusion – Online Game

Workbook P. 103 – last table P.104-106