Justin Champion North American Market Manager Hazard Control Technologies Justin Champion North American Market Manager 150 Walter Way, Fayetteville, GA 30214 Tel: 770-719-5112 Cell: 704-648-2459 Email: jchampion@hct-world.com www.hct-world.com

Confined Space Degassing / Cleaning HCT FM Global ISO 9001 Registered Introduction Myself NA Market Manager Petro-Chemical Confined Space Degassing / Cleaning HCT FM Global ISO 9001 Registered 2

Hazard Control Technologies, Inc. Headquarters -- Atlanta, GA USA Chemical Solutions Engineered Systems Consulting & Training Emergency Response Global Distribution Europe Asia Australia South America Website www.hct-world.com www.F-500.com

F-500 Micelle Encapsulator Agent Chemical Solutions HydroLock Environmental Agent Breaks-down oil & fuel spills for remediation Pinnacle Foam Concentrates Highly effective & versatile foaming agent F-500 Micelle Encapsulator Agent Penetrates | Cools | Encapsulates InferNo Fire Retardant Solution Retards ignition of porous materials Dust Wash Industrial Concentrate Penetrates, lifts, and displaces dust

Engineered Solutions Concentrate Control Systems designed to boost fire suppression system effectiveness by precise proportioning of F-500 Encapsulator Agent or Pinnacle Foam into the lines upon activation. .

“A Tool for the Toolbox” Encapsulator Technology Applications Confined Space Degassing / Cleaning Spill Control Fire Suppression Other: Odor Control, Soil Remediation, Surface Washing 6

Encapsulator Agent Characteristics Amphipathic Molecules Large molecule with a polar head and a nonpolar tail with sufficient distance between so that each end acts independently Polar end (hydrophilic - “loves water”) Soluble, dissolves in water Nonpolar end (hydrophobic - “fears/hates water”) Protrudes out of the water droplet and seeks out molecules other than water (such as hydrocarbon) Polar Head Nonpolar Tail 7

Molecular Orientation Alters the physical characteristics of the water droplet Nonpolar tail protrudes from water Polar head drawn to water surface Creates a skin at the surface of the droplet Molecular Weight Boiling Point Water 18 g/mol 212oF (100oC) EA >1000 g/mol 248oF (120oC) EA Water Droplet 8

Confined Space Degassing Eliminate LELs Mitigate Toxicity H2S SO2 Effective on Polar & Non Polar Eliminate LELs Mitigate Toxicity H2S SO2 Iron Sulfide B-Tex compounds benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes 9

Confined Space Cleaning Emulsification Oils Oil Additives Polymers 10

Spill Control Mitigate spill efficiently Lateral surface Saturated in depth 11

The Chemistry of Fire Tetrahedron Fire Suppression Oxygen Fuel Heat Chemical Chain Reaction Fire Suppression Elimination of one or more components of the fire tetrahedron In order to understand the fire suppression mechanisms of F-500, it’s important to understand the chemistry of the fire tetrahedron. In order to sustain a fire, you have to have these four elements: oxygen, fuel, heat and the presence of a chemical reaction. Fire suppression is accomplished through the elimination of one or more components of the fire tetrahedron.  Foam works by forming a blanket over the fuel in order to separate the fuel from the oxygen. As you put the blanket down, you trap the heat. While foam separates the fuel from the oxygen, it is critical to maintain that separation for an extended period of time allowing the heat to dissipate. F-500 on the other hand works on the fuel, heat, and free radical components of the fire to rapidly reduce the heat, encapsulate and neutralize the fuel and interact with the free radicals. It is working on three aspects of the tetrahedron simultaneously.

Fire Suppression Mechanics Surface Tension Reduction Saturates wetted surface area Increased penetration into pores Rapid and Permanent Heat Reduction 1200O F to 127O F in seconds Absorbs many times more kcal/hr than plain water Provides burn-back resistance Encapsulation Forms a “chemical cocoon” around liquid and vapor Renders materials nonflammable Interruption of Free Radical Coalescence High molecular weight molecule absorbs free radical energy Inhibits coalescence of free radicals Reduction of toxic smoke & soot Improves visibility Improves air quality Lets review the Fire Suppression Mechanics. Surface Tension reduction allows F-500 to make the water more effective by reducing the size of the water droplets and allowing the water to spread out, drawing the heat from every pore in solid fuels and better encapsulating liquid fuels. F-500 Encapsulator Agent instantly draws the heat from the fuel and surrounding structure, eliminating burnback. The “Micelles” are formed around the liquid fuel and vapors, rendering them permanently nonflammable. And finally, F-500 absorbs the free radical energy, reducing toxic smoke and soot, resulting in better visibility and air quality.

Surface Tension Reduction Spreading and penetration (spreading coefficient) Smaller droplet size (increased surface area) STEAM STEAM STEAM STEAM Plain Water Fire Suppression Agent

Unique Feature #1: Rapid Heat Reduction This analogy might give you a better understanding. If I were to hold a knife and then take a blow torch to the end of it, the heat would eventually travel down the knife and burn my hand. This shows the heat being driven down the non-polar tail into the polar head that’s absorbing the heat rather than converting the molecules of the water droplet to steam. We are not changing the physical characteristics of water, but we are changing the physical characteristics of the water droplet by putting an F-500 skin over the surface. Due to the amphipathic molecule, heat is driven into the internal portion of the water droplet

Permanent vs. Temporary Burnback Resistance Heat Dissipation – EA vs. Foam Ignition Temperatures Gasoline: 475-536o F Ethanol: 685o F In this slide, the Clemson University tests on heat dissipation show that a steel coupon was heated to almost 1200 degrees was quickly cooled to 127ºF seconds after the F-500 and water mixture is applied, without a climb in temperature. Comparatively, the traditional foam agent actually insulates and traps the heat with a blanket of foam. Notice, a minute after the test was initiated, the temperature of the foam test is still above 600ºF, well above the auto-ignition temperature of many common hydrocarbons. If the blanket of foam breaks down, the fuel will reignite. The foam formed a foam blanket, trapped in the heat, and had little heat reduction from 1200 degrees to 1000 degrees F in the first second. This makes sense … if you are lying in bed at night and you get cold, you pull a blanket over yourself insulating your body and trapping the heat in under the blanket. This is also why it is so critical for foam test protocols such as UL 162 to test the blanket integrity of foam for burnback resistance. As you can see at 1000 degrees the radiant heat of the fuel and surrounding infrastructure is still way above the auto-ignition temperature of most flammable liquids. Any break in the foam blanket integrity would allow vapors to escape and cause a flashover, re-igniting of the fuel. On the other hand, due to F-500’s heat absorption capabilities, the F-500 rapidly cooled the steel plate from 1200 degrees to 127 degrees in the 1st second. With F-500, the radiant heat of the fuel and surrounding infrastructure are well below the auto-ignition temperature of most hydrocarbon fuels, creating a permanently nonflammable situation. UL162 includes a burnback test for foam blanket integrity and NFPA 11 requires the foam blanket to remain intact for 15 minutes. With F-500 you see we have absorbed the energy into the F-500 in the first second and it does not spike back up like it would with foam. Within the first second we have provided true burnback resistance because we have eliminated the heat element of the fire tetrahedron. We have taken away the ignition source. If you eliminate the heat, you eliminate re-ignition. Auto-ignition Temperature 16

Unique Feature #2: Encapsulation CH CH EA Water Droplets

Unique Feature #3: Interruption of Free Radical Coalescence* * When free radicals coalesce or “come together”, they form soot and smoke 98.6% reduction of toxic smoke and soot 68% increase in visibility 97% reduction in airborne particulates The last portion of the Fire Suppression Mechanics is the interruption of the “Free Radical Chain Reaction.” Essentially the large F-500 molecule absorbs a great amount of heat energy which inhibits the combustion process, reducing the smoke, heat and vapors while aiding in the final extinguishment process. This completes the fire suppression initiatives. A study done by Clemson University shows the dramatic increase in visibility immediately after F-500 is applied to toluene.

Micelle Cross-section Encapsulated Hydrocarbon Molecules EA Molecules Non-Polar Tails Drawn to Hydrocarbon This cross section of a “Micelle” or cocoon shows the encapsulated water droplets, completely surrounding the hydrocarbon (CH) molecules. After surrounding the water droplets, the nonpolar tails go out seeking the hydrocarbon molecules. They form this micelle. Polar Heads Attracted to Water Water

Noncorrosive Nontoxic Nonhazardous Fluorine-free No PFOS No PFOA Environmental Advantages Noncorrosive Nontoxic Nonhazardous Fluorine-free No PFOS No PFOA Fully Biodegradable Shelf Life > 15 yr In the firefighting business we always have to be aware of what we do to the environment. Using F-500 allows us to mitigate many hazards and yet be environmentally responsible. F-500 Encapsulator Agent is noncorrosive, nontoxic, nonhazardous and 100% fully biodegradable. F-500 has been listed by the U.S. EPA as a Surface Washing Agent (SWA) for fuel spills on roadways, on the shore, shore line, rocks, pilings, piers and wharfs to encapsulate and render them nonflammable.

Hazard Control Technologies, Inc. Any questions? Any Question? Announce that we are going to head out to the fire grounds. Things to emphasize are: It is a fire grounds; therefore, safety is of the utmost importance (Make any safety announcement relative to that facility) In the Field Demonstration portion of the program we will demonstrate the key fire suppression and fuel neutralization features of F-500 Encapsulator Agent that we discussed in the class room. Due to the fact it is a fire grounds (i.e., fire trucks, pumps, etc.) it will be extremely noisy. After the Field Demonstration we will have another question and answer session. Hazard Control Technologies, Inc. 150 Walter Way Fayetteville, GA 30214 770.719.5112 www.hct-world.com