ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS Готовимся к ЕГЭ. Устная часть ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS Мехоношина Г.В., учитель английского языка МБОУ СОШ №8 г.Краснокамска Пермского края 2015г.

Global Warming absorption [əb`zɔ:pʃn] surface [`sɜ:fɪs] carbon dioxide [,kɑ:bən daɪ`ɒksaɪd] gasoline [`ɡæsəli:n] ozone [`əʊzəʊn] biosphere [`baɪəsfɪə] fuel [fjʊəl] average [`ævərɪdʒ] area [`ɛərɪə] occurrence [ə`kʌrəns] evaporation [ɪ,væpə`reɪʃn] circulation [,sɜ:kjʊ`leɪʃn] flood [flʌd] species [`spi:ʃi:z] infrared radiation [,ɪnfrə`rɛd ,reɪdɪ`eɪʃn]

Global Warming Warm Up Answer the questions What is global warming? What is it caused by? What are its possible consequences?

Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Global warming is sometimes referred to as the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is the absorption of energy radiated from the Earth's surface by carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere, causing the atmosphere to become warmer. Each time we burn gasoline, oil, coal, or even natural gas, more carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is what is causing the temperature on the Earth to rise, and creating many problems that will begin to take place in the coming decades. Today, however, major changes are taking place. People are conducting an unplanned global experiment by changing the face of the entire planet. We are destroying the ozone layer, which allows life to exist on the Earth's surface.

Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. All of these activities are unfavourably changing the composition of the biosphere and the Earth's heat balance. If we do not slow down our use of fossil fuels and stop destroying the forests, the world could become hotter than it has been in the past million years. Average global temperatures have risen 1 degree over the last century. If carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases continue to spill into the atmosphere, global temperatures could rise 5 to 10 degrees by the middle of the next century. Some areas, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere, will dry out and a greater occurrence of forest fires will take place. At the present rate of destruction, most of the rain forests will be gone by the middle of the century. This will allow man-made deserts to invade on once lush areas. Evaporation rates will also increase and water circulation patterns will change.

Task 1. Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Decreased rainfall in some areas will result in increased rainfall in others. In some regions, river flow will be reduced or stopped all together completely. Other areas will experience sudden downpours that create massive floods. If the present arctic ice melting continues, the sea could rise as much as 2 meters by the middle of the next century. Large areas of coastal land would disappear. Plants and other wildlife habitats might not have enough time to adjust to the rapidly changing climate. The warming will rearrange entire biological communities and cause many species to become died out. The greenhouse effect and global warming both correspond with each other. The green house effect is recalled as incoming solar radiation that passes through the Earth's atmosphere but prevents much of the outgoing infrared radiation from escaping into outer space. It causes the overheat of the air and as a result, we have the global warming effect. As you see, greenhouse effect and global warming correspond with each other, because without one, the other doesn't exist.

Use the words in your own sentences dump industrial/ domestic/ chemical/ nuclear waste breathe cause diseases fumes and smoke heavy traffic be stuck in a traffic jam overcrowded streets consequences of human activity be worried about share concern smog volunteer flash mob clean-up day join smb/smth participate in = take part in take place = be held arrange date and time protest against save/ protect throw / collect litter pollute the air/ water/ soil joint efforts oil spill poison fish

Task 2. Study the advertisement You want to join the participants of an ecological flashmob and you are calling to find out more information about it. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five questions to find out the following: 1) date and time 2) place of the flash mob 3) organizers 4) actions planned 5) age restrictions for participants Eco flashmob! Join us! You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Task 2. Study the advertisement You want to participate in Clean-up Day and you are calling to find out more information about it. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five questions to find out the following: 1) organizers 2) date and time 3) meeting place 4) place of work 5) whether tools and gloves are provided You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

· when you took the photo · what/who is in the photo Task 3. Imagine that while working on a project you found some photos . Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously. In your talk remember to speak about: · when you took the photo · what/who is in the photo · what is happening · why you took the photo · why you decided to show the picture to your friend Photo 1. Photo 2. Photo 3.

· when you took the photo · what/who is in the photo Task 3. Imagine that while working on a project you found some photos . Choose one photo to present to your friend. You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously. In your talk remember to speak about: · when you took the photo · what/who is in the photo · what is happening · why you took the photo · why you decided to show the picture to your friend Photo 1. Photo 2. Photo 3.

Compare and Contrast: Functional Words Say what the pictures have in common Say in what way the pictures are different Both photos show… In both pictures… To depict/ to be depicted The main similarity is that… Another similarity is that… What both pictures have in common is … However, there are some differences between the pictures. The main difference is… Another important difference is... In the first photo… but in the second photo…

· give a brief description (action, location) Task 4. Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs: · give a brief description (action, location) · say what the pictures have in common · say in what way the pictures are different · say what problems are caused by urbanization · explain why it is necessary to solve them You will speak for not more than 2 minutes. You have to talk continuously. Photo 1. Photo 2.

references Air pollution. - http://nashaplaneta.su/_bl/483/04358703.jpg Clean-up day in Australia. - http://www.dybeach.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/clean-up-aust-2.jpg Clean up the world. - http://www.ginkgo-praha.org/ekocentrum/ekoporadna/cleanuptheworld.jpg Crowd. - http://b.fastcompany.net/multisite_files/coexist/imagecache/1280/poster/2013/06/1682336-poster-1280-crowds.jpg Dead fish. - http://www.reporterntv.ro/imagini/2013/09/05/big/77296.jpg Dump. - http://spb.mmusor.ru/store/3/a4/expert_820_088.jpg Earth on the green. - http://pravo74.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/8831.jpg Flash mob advert. - http://www.conparolemie.it/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/eco-3.png Global warming. - http://www.alleng.ru/engl-top/112.htm Litter in the street. - http://thebrief.ru/images/gallery/2664.jpg Remos, M. Global warming. - http://sdheatwave.pbworks.com/f/1271007450/global_warming_is_uncool(2).gif Saving a bird. - http://dev.geophoto.ru/large/vlg4015619l.jpg Symbols. - http://www.ratedpeople.com/blog/assets/2011/08/eco-green1.jpg Traffic jam. - http://livepark.pro/uploads/images/00/67/42/2014/10/15/e5539f0a2a.jpg