Matter and Energy Mrs. Quezada

Basic Chemistry Chemical reactions take place for two main reasons: To build new materials To breakdown material into a useful form

Key Terms Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space 2) Energy- the capacity to do work Types of Energy- Potential- Kinetic-

Energy can be easily converted from one form to another Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but some energy is lost as heat during conversion

Matter has chemical and physical properties Chemical properties-

3) Elements- unique substances that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means 4) Atoms- identical building blocks for each element Atomic symbol- one or two letter shorthand for each element

Major elements of the Human Body

Lesser Elements of the Human Body

Aim: What is the structure of an atom? Do Now: Describe the physical properties of the element on the front table- what element do you think it is? Homework: read pages 4-9 in book and answer all questions, define matter, mass, and weight in your notes

Atomic structure Atoms consist of a nucleus and electrons orbiting the nucleus The nucleus is made up of protons (+) and neutrons (no charge)

Electrons have a negative charge and are found orbiting the nucleus in electron shells (energy levels) Bonds are formed using the electrons in the outermost energy level- valence electrons

Atomic number- number of protons an atom has Mass number- number of protons and neutrons an atom has Atomic weight- mass number

Types of bonds Ionic bonds- Covalent bonds- Hydrogen bonds-

Key Terms Molecule- two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds Compound- two or more different kinds or atoms held together by chemical bonds

Mixture- Solution- Colloid- Suspension-