WWII + the Cold War

WWII in Europe + Asia Germany: led by Hitler,demands territory Italy: led by Mussolini, demands territory Japan: led by Hirohito, demands territory

Appeasement The leaders of Europe, specifically Chamberlain of England gave into Hitler’s demands. Hitler then demanded more land then what was given to him Invades Poland in 1939 WWII is on

The Allies Britain France USSR

U.S. Policy NEUTRALITY

U.S. gets sucked in… Neutrality acts were designed to keep us out of the war Cash-Carry-Britain is our ally, they are getting beaten badly…we agree to sell them weapons Lend-Lease(Destroyers for Bases)-we give weapons to Britain Pearl Harbor-Japan bombs us…we are in WWII These steps show us getting further involved in the war

The Holocaust Concentration Camps Genocide 10 million killed Auschwitz

Japanese Americans Were forced from their homes and put into camps This did not happen to Germans or Italians Another example of discrimination Korematsu v U.S.

Korematsu v U.S. Supreme Court ruled that it was ok for the government to put Japanese Americans in camps This and other cases show that civil liberties have been denied to minority groups

War Crimes Trials Nuremburg: These trials showed that individuals would be help responsible for war crimes

Women in the War

Manhattan Project The U.S. was working secretly on the atomic bomb We did not include the USSR in this From this point on their was growing distrust and hatred between the U.S. and the USSR

The Bomb

Our Reason The Government believed that Japan would not surrender We would have to fight for several more years The idea was that we would save American lives by using the bomb

Demobilization GI Bill: veterans benefits Baby Boom: huge population explosin following the end of the war FDR dies: Is replaced by Harry Truman

The United Nations Similar to the League of Nations Is an international peacekeeping organization Unlike the League, we actually join

WWII Ends The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. emerge as the two SUPERPOWERS The USSR demands a buffer zone in Europe to protect them from further aggression They are mad at the US because they did most of the fighting in Europe while we took the glory

Germany is divided East Germany: controlled by the USSR West Germany: controlled by the US

Berlin is also divided The Berlin Wall

The Iron Curtain

The Iron Curtain Also called the Soviet Bloc Eastern and Central Europe would be controlled by the USSR until 1989 Warsaw Pact: common defense system set up by the USSR for itself and its allies

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization: common defense system for the U.S. and its allies

Containment This is our foreign policy after WWII The idea is to keep Communism where it is and not let it expand Marshall Plan: economic aid to European nations Truman Doctrine: US said that it would help any nation to resist Communism; esp Greece & Turkey Berlin Airlift: supplies shipped over the Berlin Wall to W. Berlin

Containment in Asia Domino Theory: the idea that if one nation fell to Communism that others would follow Korean War: N Korea was Communist, South Korea was not; 4 years of fighting…Korea is still divided Vietnam: North was Communist, south was not…more later on this

MacArthur vs. Truman

HUAC House Un-American Affairs Committee Investigated all kinds of people, especially film makers. accused many of being communist and blacklisted

Truman’s Loyalty Oath All government employees must sign an oath saying that they are not and have never been Communist This oath is still in effect in many areas including the US I signed one 4 years ago

McCarythism Joseph McCarthy Senator From Wisconsin Accused many people of being Communist Had no real proof His accusations ruined careers and lives Was later proved to be a fraud

The 50’s & 60’s Eisenhower The automobile leads to the growth of suburbs