Temple College EMS Professions

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
TRAUMA STS 2/9/2015. SKULL FRACTURES Bleeding: Loosely cover bleeding site with sterile gauze Check for CSF Do NOT try to stop blood flow. Why? Do NOT.
Advertisements

1 Soft Tissue Injuries Treatment Procedures. 2 Skin Anatomy and Physiology Body’s largest organ Three layers –Epidermis –Dermis –Subcutaneous tissue.
Ocular Trauma Sandra M. Brown, MD 1 and Yair Morad, MD 2 1 Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Lubbock, Texas.
Ch. 8-Injuries to the Face, Eye, and Throat
The Face Lecture 19. Facial Injuries Injuries to the cheek, nose, lips and jaw are very common in sports - especially those with moving objects, and or.
Eye, Face, and Neck Trauma
Treat a Casualty with a Closed Head Injury. Combat Trauma Treatment 2Head Injury Introduction Most common for individuals working in hazardous environments.
Chapter 21 Face and Throat Injuries. Chapter 21: Face and Throat Injuries 2 List the steps in the emergency medical care of the patient with soft-tissue.
Face and Throat Injuries Chapter 26. Anatomy of the Head.
Ocular Trauma Sandra M. Brown, MD Associate Professor Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences.
Ocular trauma. Outline ocular trauma Ⅰ. mechanical factors Ⅱ. physical factors Ⅲ. chemical factors.
Facial Trauma Joseph Lang, MD April, Objectives Discuss relevant anatomy and physiology Discuss identification and emergent treatment ocular injuries.
1 Eye Injuries Temple College EMS Professions. 2 Eye Anatomy ScleraChoroid Retina Cornea IrisPupil Lens.
Head, Neck, Face, Eye, and Chest Injuries EMT 100.
Head and Spinal Injuries
National Ski Patrol, Outdoor Emergency Care, 5 th Ed ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ BRADY Chapter 22 Face, Eye, and Neck Injuries.
Slide 1 Copyright © 2007, 2004, by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Detailed Physical Examination Chapter 12.
Copyright © 2004, Mosby Inc. All rights reserved..
FRACTURES OF MAXILLA AND MANDIBLE
Dr. Maha Al-Sedik. Pathophysiology of the eyes Pathophysiology Burns of eye and adenexa Conjunctivitis Corneal abrasion Foreign body Inflammation of.
Vision and Structure of the Eye
1 Eye Injuries Pakistan ICITAP. 2 Learning Objectives To be able to identify both a normal eye and an eye suffering from an abnormality To be familiar.
MISCELLANEOUS TREATMENTS. 2 Foreign Body in the Eye  Check for contact lenses, particularly in unresponsive patient  If found, do not attempt to remove.
Illinois EMSC1 EENT and Dental Objectives Upon completion of this lecture, you will be better able to: List the steps in assessing an eye injury Describe.
Eye Injuries.
Head and Facial Injuries
Eye Injuries Chapter 25. Anatomy of the Eye Eye Injuries Can produce severe complications Examine pupil for shape and reaction (if you can see it) Can.
Head, Face, Ear, and Mouth Conditions. Injuries to the head Skull Fractures Skull Fractures Concussions Concussions –Second Impact Syndrome Scalp injuries.
Ms. Bowman EVALUATION OF THE EYE. ANATOMY REVIEW Eye contained in bony orbit Protects and stabilizes eye Provides attachment sites for muscles.
National Ski Patrol, Outdoor Emergency Care, 5 th Ed ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ BRADY Chapter 22 Face, Eye, and Neck Injuries.
FACIAL INJURIES Dr Pierre Viviers.
Eye Injuries. General Exam ~ inspect for swelling and deformity ~ palpate orbital rim ~ inspect globe of eye ~ inspect conjunctiva ~ determine pupil response.
Special Senses Medical Terminology. Sense of Smell Very important in many species Warns the animal of approaching dangers Helps to find food Connected.
Chapter 19 Soft-Tissue Injuries.
Chapter 12 SOFT TISSUE INJURIES. Soft Tissue Injuries - Closed Wounds Bruises (Ecchymosis) Contusions Hematomas Internal Lacerations Internal Punctures.
Chapter 33 : FACE AND NECK TRAUMA EMS 363 By: Dr.Deepti Patil.
Open Globe Injuries Maddy Alexeeva PGY-1.
STS 2/18/14 Trauma. Skull fractures Bleeding: – Loosely cover bleeding site with sterile gauze (look for CSF) – DO NOT attempt to stop blood flow DO NOT.
Rehab Head & Face Ch 23 :1 The Eye Kelly Hutchison.
Chapter 6: Head and Neck. Common or Concerning Symptoms HeadHeadache, history of head injury EyesVisual disturbances, spots (scotomas), flashing lights,
Head and Spinal Injuries. Head Injuries Scalp wounds Skull fracture Brain injuries © Joe Gough/ShutterStock, Inc.
Chapter 33 Eye, Face, and Neck Trauma Copyright ©2010 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Prehospital Emergency Care, Ninth Edition Joseph.
Chapter 18 Eye Pathologies.
Evaluation of the Eye.
ORBIS International.
SOFT-TISSUE INJURIES.
3.04 Functions and disorders of the eye
Assessing The Eyes DR. ALI ALIBRAHIMI M.B.Ch.B ASSESSING THE EYES.
Lab 9 : Human Eye Anatomy Biology Department.
Lesson 9 (continued) Burns
Special Senses - Eyes.
THE FACE Chapter 19.
Unit 3 – Lesson 7 Sports Medicine
Eye Injuries CERT Presentation: Eye Injuries Time Line: 30 minutes
By: Mudezzer bin Haji Adnan Harith Khuzairee Bin Mazlan
Lab 10 : Human Eye Anatomy Biology Department.
Soft Tissue Injuries.
SOFT-TISSUE INJURIES.
Soft Tissue Injuries.
OCULAR TRAUMA Spring 14.
RED EYE (VISION-THREATENING DISORDERS)
Visual prognosis among traumatic hyphemas
EQ; What are the components of your eye?
Soft Tissue Injuries.
Eye- Structure and Refraction
Face and Throat Injuries
Presentation transcript:

Temple College EMS Professions 1/3/2018 Eye Injuries Temple College EMS Professions Temple College EMS Professions

Eye Anatomy Sclera Iris Choroid Pupil Lens Cornea Retina

Eye Anatomy Aqueous humor: watery fluid which occupies the space between cornea and lens (anterior chamber) Vitreous humor: jelly-like fluid which fill space behind lens (posterior chamber) Conjunctiva: smooth membrane that covers front of eye

Foreign Body Extraocular foreign body Intraocular foreign body Object on conjunctiva or cornea Intraocular foreign body Object has penetrated cornea or sclera Contact lenses

Extraocular Foreign Body Signs and Symptoms Pain, foreign body sensation Excessive tearing Reddening of conjunctiva Decreased visual acuity

Extraocular Foreign Body Management Inspect conjunctiva Inspect surface of lower eyelid Evert upper eyelid and inspect inner surface

Extraocular Foreign Body Management If object is over sclera or inside of eyelid, wash out gently or remove with cotton tip applicator Gently wash corneal bodies, do not touch Cover both eyes TRANSPORT Evaluation for possible corneal abrasion needed

Intraocular Foreign Body Signs and Symptoms Pain/foreign body sensation History of sudden eye pain following explosion or metal-on-metal near eyes Distorted light reflex over cornea or decreased visual acuity Peaked pupil

Intraocular Foreign Body Management Cover eyes Avoid pressure Cover large object with cup

Contact Lenses Do NOT remove Move off cornea onto sclera Ensure receiving personnel are aware of contact lens presence Wash out only with chemical burns to eyes

Burns Heat Burns Usually due to flash of heat, flame Eyes close reflexively, not usually burned Don’t pry lids apart Cover with sterile dressings and transport

Burns Chemical Burns TRUE OCULAR EMERGENCY! Flush with large amounts of water or saline Wash all the way to hospital Wash medial to lateral Wash out contacts

Burns Chemical Burns NEVER wash with anything other than water or a balanced salt solution (NS or LR) Do NOT introduce chemical “antidotes” into eye

Burns Light Burns Superficial (sunburn, welding torches) Aching, severe pain Redness Eyelid spasms Deep (laser, looking directly at sun) Blank spots in visual field May be permanent

Burns Light Burns Patch eyes with opaque dressing Transport

Penetrating Trauma Lid injuries Moderate pressure control bleeding Cover with moist dressing Should be seen by ophthalmologist Lacerations of inner one-third of lid may damage tear-duct system Lacerations involving lid margins may cause notching Horizontal lacerations may damage levator muscle

If in doubt, assume trauma to orbital area involves globe Penetrating Trauma Globe Laceration Dark spots or streaks on sclera “Jelly-like” material on eye or face If in doubt, assume trauma to orbital area involves globe

Penetrating Trauma Globe Laceration Cover with moist sterile dressings NO pressure Cover both eyes

Blunt Trauma Subconjunctival hemorrhage Bruised eye Blood between conjunctiva and sclera; stops at margin of cornea No emergency Heals like any other bruise

Blunt Trauma Hyphema Blood in anterior chamber First bleed usually disappears rapidly Second bleed more severe; fills entire anterior chamber Increased intraocular pressure can cause blindness

Blunt Trauma Blow out fracture Eye pushed through floor of orbit into maxillary sinus Facial asymmetry, sunken eye, paralysis of upward gaze,double vision, runny nose on injured side, numbness of lip on injured side

Blunt Trauma Management Cover both eyes NO pressure

Blunt Trauma Extruded eye Pressure from blow pushes eye partially out of orbit Management Do NOT attempt to replace Keep eye surface moist Cover with cup NO pressure

Face and Neck Trauma

Face and Neck Trauma Attracts attention because of: Bleeding Swelling and deformity Psychological impact

Face and Neck Trauma Do NOT allow drama of facial injury to distract you from true problems such as: Airway obstruction Cervical spine injury Intracranial trauma

Airway Obstruction Bleeding Displaced teeth, dental appliances Deformity from fractures Edema from soft tissue trauma

Facial Trauma Management Open Airway Use jaw thrust C-spine injury should be suspected If necessary pull mandible, tongue forward to clear airway

Facial Trauma Management Clear blood, vomitus, other debris Save loose teeth, dental appliances Teeth may be reimplanted Teeth not accounted for must be assumed to have been aspirated Dental appliances necessary to provide support to jaws for reconstruction

Facial Trauma Management Apply pressure inside and outside of oral cavity to control bleeding Give O2, assist ventilations as needed Stabilize neck Monitor LOC, vital signs Transport

Neck Trauma Large number of very vital structures compressed into very small area: Trachea Larynx Carotid arteries Jugular veins Cervical spine, spinal cord

Neck Trauma Penetrating Injury Massive bleeding is significant problem Apply direct pressure If large veins involved: Apply bulky occlusive dressings Reduce possibility of air embolism

Neck Trauma Penetrating Trauma Injury to submental area (area under chin) = Extreme caution! Penetration of root of tongue can lead to: Massive bleeding into tongue Airway obstruction

Neck Trauma Blunt injury May crush larynx, trachea Airway obstruction Leakage of air can produce subcutaneous emphysema

Neck Trauma Blunt injury Stabilize cervical spine Administer O2 Assist ventilations gently with BVM Consider ALS intercept for endotracheal intubation or surgical airway