Health and Exercise Science Students Aniya Moore CPR and First Aid Health and Exercise Science Students Aniya Moore

What Do we Use CPR for? We learn about CPR in cases in which people to into cardiac arrest. Cardiac arrest is not a heart attack but can occur DURING the heart attack. Heart attacks occur when there is a blockage in one or more arteries to the heart, this prevents oxygen-enriched blood from reaching the heart Rowan University

What is first Aid? First aid is when a person offers another injured or sick person temporary medical attention until additional medical services are needed and are available. There are multiple situations were first and CPR are used. We are going to be reviewing 5 of them. Bleeding, unconscious victim, shock, burns and finally choking.

BLEEDING? Whenever you encounter someone in need of help that is bleeding the FIRST thing you should do if possible to put on gloves before touching any blood. It is important you also take measures to protect yourself from health risks associated with coming in contact with blood.

Bleeding continued… For Injuries that cannot be secured using a tie knot in areas such as the neck, chest, groin, and head. The person helping the victim should put a clean cloth over the injury and apply direct pressure to the wound. (as seen in picture above) The victim then must be taken to get additional medical attention as soon as possible.

An unconscious victim If an victim is unconscious, perform rescue breathing. If the victim’s heart has stopped beating, perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if you have been properly trained to do so. As discussed before we use CPR when a victims heart has stopped beating.

An unconscious victim continued… You probably all know the steps and protocols for CPR, we will just have a quick refresher. Ry I For an unconscious child the proper protocol is 15 chest compressions for every 2 rescue breathes. For an adult who is unconscious the proper protocol is 30 chest compressions for every 2 rescue breathes.

Shock usually accompanies severe injury or emotional upset. Victims in Shock Shock usually accompanies severe injury or emotional upset. The signs are cold and clammy skin, pale face, chills, confusion, frequent nausea or vomiting and shallow breathing.

WOW THAT WAS A LOT OF INFORMATION SO FAR!

Choking? Choking occurs when food or a foreign object obstructs the throat and interferes with normal breathing. There are two different sets of steps for an adult or for an infant. We will go over both!

Steps for a choking infant.. 1.Place the victim’s head in a downward position on the rescuer’s forearm with the head and neck stabilized. 2. With the heel of the rescuer’s hand, administer five rapid back blows between the victim’s shoulder blades. 3. If the obstruction remains, turn the victim face up and rest on a firm surface.

5. Deliver five rapid thrusts over the breastbone using two fingers. Steps for a choking infant continued.. 5. Deliver five rapid thrusts over the breastbone using two fingers. 6. If the victim is still not breathing normally, administer mouth-to-mouth resuscitation as specified for an infant. 7. Repeat the above steps as necessary. If the obstruction cannot be removed, call for medical help immediately.

Choking for an adult.. 1. Ask, "Are you choking?" 2. Shout, "Help!" Call for help if the victim cannot cough, speak or breath. 3. Send someone to call an ambulance. 4. Do abdominal thrusts: Wrap your arms around the victim’s waist. Make a fist.. Grasp the fist with the other hand. Press the fist into abdomen with a quick upward thrust. 5. Repeat abdominal thrusts until the object is coughed up or the victim starts to breathe or cough..

Choking for an adult continued.. 6. Do a finger sweep. Grasp the tongue and lower jaw and lift jaw. Sweep the object out. 7. Open the airway. Tilt the head back and lift the chin. 8. Give two full breaths. Keep the head tilted back, pinch the nose shut. Give two full breaths for one to one and a half seconds. 9. Give six to 10 abdominal thrusts. If the air will not go in, place the heel of one hand against the middle of the victim’s abdomen. 10. Place the other hand on top of the first hand. Press into the abdomen with quick upward thrusts.

Burns

Burns continued Until medical help arrives, immerse the burned area immediately in tap or cool water or apply clean, cool, moist towels. Do not use ice because it may cause further damage to the burned area. Maintain this treatment until the pain or burning stops. Avoid breaking any blisters that may appear. Do not use ointments, greases or powders.

Burns Continued.. For more severe burns or chemical burns, keep the victim quiet and treat them for shock. Remove any clothing. If the clothing sticks to the burned area, leave it there.

For classes and more ways to learn more about CPR and first aid in YOUR area please click the link to the right!  American Red Cross

THANKS AGAIN FOR WATCHING! I hope you all learned something new today!

References Slide 4: http://nasdonline.org/958/d000799/basic-first-aid.html