Introduction to Computers Mrs. Gambucci

Objectives Describe the History of Computers Identify Hardware components Define Operating and Application Software Describe the differences between Input and Output What is a GUI screen? What are the items on your Desktop? What does the future of computers look like?

History of Computers ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer was the first electronic general-purpose computer. It was digital, and capable of being reprogrammed to solve "a large class of numerical problems". ENIAC was initially designed to calculate artillery firing tables for the United States Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory. When ENIAC was announced in 1946 it was heralded in the press as a "Giant Brain”. http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/walter-isaacson-on-the-traits-of-technologys-innovators/

First Computer

Mrs. Gambucci’s First Computer

Hardware The physical equipment that makes up a computer system.

Computer System Unit The main body of a computer. It consists of a plastic or metal enclosure, the motherboard, internal drives, power supply, cooling fans, and circuit boards. There are many parts that work together to make a computer work.

CPU Central Processing Unit This is the computer’s brain. It is the main chip (processor) in the computer. It processes instructions and performs calculations.

RAM Random Access Memory is a Random Access Memory - RAM computer’s temporary memory, which exists as chips on the motherboard near the CPU. It stores data or programs while they are being used and requires power.

Hard Drive A permanent internal drive made of polished steel that writes data to a magnetic disk and reads data from the disk.

Internal Cards The video card connects the computer to the monitor. The sound card connects the speakers and microphone to the computer. The modem card allows you to connect to a phone line. The network card allows you to connect to the internet Graphic card

Keyboard & Mouse The keyboard is the main input device for most computers which you place your hands on homerow while you type! The mouse is an input device operated. Controls the on-screen pointer by pointing and clicking, double-clicking, or dragging objects on the screen. input lets you communicate with the computer. You PUT IN information. keyboard, touch screen, microphone, mouse scanner

Monitor A display unit for a computer. This screen allows the computer to communicate with the user.

External Storage Devices A portable storage device that can be attached to a computer through a USB port Flash Drive, SD Card, CD ROM, CD-RW

Printers A printer is an output device that produces a hard copy on paper. Laser printers, deskjet printers, inkjet printers – color or black and white output lets a computer communicate with you. They PUT OUT information. Printer, monitor, speakers.

Other Hardware Barcode Reader - An input device that converts a pattern of printed bars into a number that a computer can read. Scanner - A device that allows pictures to be placed into a computer. Microphone Speakers Web camera

Network A collection of computers and devices connected via communications media and devices, such as cable, phone lines, wireless signals. So computers can talk with each other and the rest of the world via the internet!

Software The instructions a computer needs in order to operate. There are two types: Operating System and Application.

Windows is the most common operating system for PCs. The operating system tells everything in your computer how to act. It can change the way things appear on your screen or desktop.

Software- Applications Software is information or instructions for your computer. Software needs to be installed on a computer, usually from a CD. Some examples of software programs that we will use in class: Word Excel PowerPoint Publisher Internet Explorer

Documents and Folders Folders help organize the things you save on the computer. Each thing you save is called a document or a file.

DOS Disk Operating System This software connects the hardware with the programs you want to run. It runs behind the scenes! Microsoft DOS (Disk Operating System) is a command line user interface. First released in 1981.

Graphical User Interface GUI A Graphical User Interface or GUI that enables you to control the computer and launch commands by pointing and clicking at graphical objects such as icons. WYSIWYG – what you see is what you get

Your Desktop Desktop – the opening screen that contain a few icons, the start menu and the task bar. You organize it like your desk!

Putting it all Together

The Future of Computers https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OptqxagZDfM

The Future of Computers https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GLfErE872E

The Future of Computers https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XyIvSIY0MTM