A Brief History of Microbiology 1 A Brief History of Microbiology

Who is responsible for building the first simple microscope? Isaac Newton the Royal Society of London Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Louis Pasteur Answer: C) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

In the 1700s, a system was developed for naming plants and animals and grouping similar organisms together. What is this system called? the taxonomic system the life categories system the descriptive grouping system the phylogeny system Answer: A) the taxonomic system

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was the first scientist to observe and describe ________. fungi algae bacteria parasitic worms Answer: C) bacteria

Viruses were first seen with an electron microscope around what year? 1713 1933 1972 1823 Answer: B) 1933

In the early years of microbiology, microorganisms were referred to as ________. cooties animalcules zygotes prokaryotes Answer: B) animalcules

What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Prokaryotes are bacteria and eukaryotes are not. Prokaryotes can only live in water and eukaryotes can live anywhere. Prokaryotes do not have a defined nucleus and eukaryotes do. Prokaryotes are not capable of locomotion and eukaryotes are. Answer: C) Prokaryotes do not have a defined nucleus and eukaryotes do.

Bacteria and archaea reproduce ________. only sexually only asexually both sexually and asexually neither sexually nor asexually Answer: B) only asexually

Which of the following is NOT a form of locomotion used by protozoa? pseudopods cilia flagella budding Answer: D) budding

Where are you most likely to find archaea? hot springs a local stream soil in your backyard the scum of an aquarium Answer: A) hot springs

What is one way that a technician is able to diagnose a patient with a parasitic worm infection? examining the patient's skin with a magnifying glass growing the parasites in a Petri dish finding eggs in a blood sample culturing a sputum sample Answer: C) finding eggs in a blood sample

Who was responsible for demonstrating that cell-produced proteins called enzymes were responsible for chemical reactions in a cell? Eduard Buchner Robert Koch Lazzaro Spallanzani Louis Pasteur Answer: A) Eduard Buchner

Which of the following methods provided scientists with a framework for scientific investigation? the swan-necked method the abiogenesis method the theory method the scientific method Answer: D) the scientific method

In the context of a scientific experiment, what is a control group? a group that is treated differently than others except for the variable being tested a group that is treated the same as other groups except for the variable being tested a group assembled only under environmentally controlled conditions a group treated the same as others except that it has fewer subjects Answer: B) a group that is treated the same as other groups except for the variable being tested

A possible answer to a research question asked by a scientist is referred to as a ________. concept theory hypothesis law Answer: C) hypothesis

Who discovered that yeast cells can ferment grape juice to make wine? Eduard Buchner Robert Koch Francesco Redi Louis Pasteur Answer: D) Louis Pasteur

In 1857, Louis Pasteur hypothesized that disease in people was caused by ________. bad weather fermentation microbes imbalances in body fluid Answer: C) microbes

Who was the first person to isolate microbes from disease victims by smearing blood, pus, or sputum samples onto gelatin media? Louis Pasteur Hans Christian Gram Albert Neisser Robert Koch Answer: D) Robert Koch

John Snow's work with cholera cases laid the foundation for the science now known as ________, which investigates the occurrence, spread, and distribution of human disease. immunology chemotherapy epidemiology parasitology Answer: C) epidemiology

What disease did Edward Jenner develop a vaccine for in the late 1700s? cholera cowpox tuberculosis smallpox Answer: D) smallpox

What was Joseph Lister's contribution to fighting infection and disease? antiseptics chemotherapy latex gloves chlorine Answer: A) antiseptics

Microbes today are used in many ways to help improve our lives Microbes today are used in many ways to help improve our lives. Which of the following is NOT a contribution by microbes? electronics laundry detergent antibiotics vitamins Answer: A) electronics

The study of how our body fights infection by pathogenic microbes is called ________. immunology epidemiology molecular biology epistemiology Answer: A) immunology

What process uses living microorganisms to detoxify polluted environments? biochemistry bioremediation biofueling biocleaning Answer: B) bioremediation

Scientists have begun to manipulate genes in microbes, plants, and animals for practical applications. What is this cutting-edge technology called? immunology taxonomy genealogy genetic engineering Answer: D) genetic engineering

Which of the following is NOT one of Koch's postulates? The agent must be found in every case of disease and absent from healthy hosts. The agent must be isolated and grown outside the host. When the agent is introduced to a healthy host, the animal must get the disease. Fifty percent of the experimentally infected must make a full recovery. Answer: D) Fifty percent of the experimentally infected must make a full recovery.

Who is considered to be the Father of Microbiology? John Snow Louis Pasteur Robert Koch Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Answer: B) Louis Pasteur