Biology for Future Presidents Important Concepts That Can Be Easily Understood Week6 Cancer and HIV A.I.D.S. The Deadliest Cancer by Professor Larry N. Vanderhoef Chancellor Emeritus & Distinguished Professor University of California, Davis, U.S.A Unless noted, the course materials are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Taiwan (CC BY-NC-SA 2.5) Design courtesy of fppt.com

Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures

Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures Translating the code in DNA into a protein Jonathan Eisen 3

Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures Watson & Crick RootsWeb.com 4

Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures Maurice Wilkins 5

Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures Rosalind Franklin Science 6 - Rosalind Franklin 08 6

Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures chemotherapy unnewsJohnnys a big poopy - Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia Chemotherapy just too expensive to waste on cancer patients anymore - Scrape TV - The World on your side 7

Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures Radiation Therapy Wikimedia Commons Dina Wakulchik Polemica su radioterapia. Ceccarelli Con il nuovo ospedale nessun miglioramento » La Gazzetta di Lucca 8

Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures Our Immune System Source: Precision Graphics+ http://www.precisiongraphics.com/services/illustration/  9

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Pancreatic Cancer Pancreatic cancer? Get your affairs in Order. Ehumanbiofield 11

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Wikimedia Commons Forest & Kim Starr Flickr plj.johnny Wikimedia Commons Forest & Kim Starr Flickr Gabriela Ruellan 12 Wikimedia Commons Lairich Rig

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls DREAM OF ARLEQUIN Doing everything you can to extend your life – may not be the best idea. 13

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Steve Jobs 1955-2011 Flickr MATEUS_27:24&25 Scrape TV - The World on your side Flickr MATEUS_27:24&25 14

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Genes and Chromosomes Source: National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIGMS, http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/thenewgenetics/chapter1.html 15

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls University of California, Davis, U.S.A, Larry N. Vanderhoef 16

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Source: Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole  17

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Source: Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole  Cell division in plants and animals is virtually identical. 18

19 Source: Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole 

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Thyroid cancer Cancer can appear In any living tissue… Mouth cancer SMOKING Skin cancer – Basal Cell carcinoma 20 Tanning Booths Tingkatkan Risiko Kanker Kulit - Jurnal Secience

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Colon cancer ¿Conoces al Virus del Papiloma Humano UNIVERSITAM » Ciencia, Investigación, Tecnología y Desarrollo. OurAwesomeEssay 21

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Oral cancer Lance Armstrong Testicular cancer zubarica desCrentes Tongue cancer 22 ThePlatform.info

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Cell structure globalbiology 23

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls CELL DIVISION Genes are duplicated in the process of cell division Source: Genetics Home Reference http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/howgeneswork/cellsdivide 24

Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls Typical cancer More than one mutation is necessary to make a normal cell go cancerous. TipThePlanet 25

Immune System

Immune System Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.2. 27

Immune System Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.3. 28

Immune System Common inducers of allergic responses … pharmaceuticals shell fish Common inducers of allergic responses … 네이버 블로그 pharmaceuticals peanuts Patrick M. Gallivan New York State Senate Flickr EuroMagic 29

Immune System mold in a shower … and some more. dust mites 30 Quanti di voi hanno problemi di umidità 30 Wikimedia Commons Kennyall

Immune System Poison Ivy Coincidental or evolutionary advantage 31 Mankato Free Press Minnesota has always been a small town state - Bluestem Prairie Coincidental or evolutionary advantage Source: Public Opinion, Polls and Discussion on SodaHead, http://www.sodahead.com/living/poison-ivyoak-or-sumac-have-you-ever-gotten-it-on-your-skin-whats-the-best-method-of-remedyreli/question-2367765/?slide=2 31

Immune System Bees Some people are unusually allergic to bee stings 32 Ranking de ¿Cual Es Tu Mayor Temor - Listas en 20minutos.es 32

Immune System Pollen – common allergy inducing substance. There’s lots of it for most of the year. Allergy natural treatment | Butterbur , by Société & Vous - Santé 33

Immune System biology111S22011 34

Immune System Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.3. 35

Immune System 36 Flickr ZenBenjamin Source: Diseases and Conditions - A Usermeds.com, http://www.usermeds.com/medications/clarinex Flickr HeatherMG Flickr outtacontext Source: Modern Medical Guide, http://www.modernmedicalguide.com/antihistamines/ Source: Pharmaceuticals Drugs,Multimineral Supplement Manufacturers,Antibacterial Drugs Suppliers, http://www.whizlaboratories.com/antihistamine-drugs.htm 36

Immune System Smallpox Bukisa - Share your Knowledge 37

Immune System Edward Jenner ~1800 38

Immune System Milkmaid Cowpox vaccination 39 Jorge Juan Lozano Cámara Source: Milkmaids and Cowpox, The College of Physicians of Philadelphia, http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/milkmaids-and-cowpox 39

Immune System I Wikispaces Alicia M. Polio 40

Immune System (Conclusion)

Immune System (Conclusion) Our Immune System Source: Precision Graphics+ http://www.precisiongraphics.com/services/illustration/  42

Immune System (Conclusion) Antibodies this antibody can bind to a type of virus Wikimedia Commons Opabinia regalis this antibody can bind to a species of bacteria 43

antigen-presenting dendritic cell Immune System (Conclusion) dendritic cell bacterium naive B cell complement Antibody-mediated Immunity antigen-presenting dendritic cell naive helper T cell effector helper T cell memory helper T cell B cell memory B cell effector B cell University of California, Davis. Larry N. Vanderhoef 44

antigen-presenting dendritic Immune System (Conclusion) dendritic cell Cell-mediated Immune Response naive cytotoxic T cell naive helper T cell antigen-presenting dendritic cell activated cytotoxic T cell effector helper T cell memory helper T cell memory cytotoxic T cell effector cytotoxic T cell 45 University of California, Davis. Larry N. Vanderhoef

Immune System (Conclusion) Cellular Immune Response Kills Cancer Cells cytotoxic T cell cancer cell Flickr Microbe World 46

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Best Compounding Pharmacy Halsted Healthmart HIV Drug Therapy and Treatment Options 47

Immune System (Conclusion) A virus is a noncellular infectious agent. It consists of a protein coat wrapped around genetic material (either RNA or DNA) and a few viral enzymes. A virus is far smaller than any cell and does not have ribosomes or other metabolic machinery. To replicate, the virus must insert its genetic material into a cell of a specific organism, which we call its host. A viral infection is like a cellular hijacking. Viral genes take over a host cell’s machinery and direct it to synthesize viral proteins and nucleic acids. These components then self-assemble as new viral particles. 48

Immune System (Conclusion) Wikimedia Commons GrahamColm RNA viral DNA and enzymes lipid envelope with protein components protein subunits of coat protein coat Inside the envelope Flickr Microbe World 49 Wikimedia Commons Gleiberg

Immune System (Conclusion) Wikimedia Commons Daniel Beyer 50

Immune System (Conclusion) Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.2. 51

Immune System (Conclusion) Source: MedlinePlus + http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/kaposissarcoma.html Wikimedia Commons M. Sand, D. Sand, C. Thrandorf, V. Paech, P. Altmeyer, F. G. Bechara Case study in dentistry – Lines 52

Immune System (Conclusion) Journal - Journal on open sea and coastal kayak paddling Listas creadas por los usuarios de 20minutos.es Rock Hudson 11/17/25 – 10/2/85 53

Immune System (Conclusion) HIV AIDS 54

Immune System (Conclusion) Source: Michigan Department of Community Health, Bureau of Epidemiology, HIV/AIDS Surveillance Section; reported cases as of July 1, 2006, http://www.kalcounty.com/hcs/hivaids.htm 55

Immune System (Conclusion) 56

Immune System (Conclusion) The A.I.D.S. “cocktail” -inhibit binding to host cell -slow transcription of RNA -inhibit integration of viral DNA into the human chromosome -prevent processing of newly translated polypeptides into viral proteins 57

Immune System (Conclusion) Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.2. 58

Immune System (Conclusion) Transmission activities Sex – Anal, vaginal, oral Blood transfusion Dirty needles Fluid exchanges between mother and baby during pregnancy Breast feeding Child birth 59

Immune System (Conclusion) 33.3 million people living with HIV/AIDS 2.6 million new infections per year 1.8 million deaths per year. About 75% in subsaharan Africa 60

Immune System (Conclusion) NO KNOWN CURE 61

Immune System (Conclusion) Wikipedia Many cancers Fevers and sweats Pneumonia TB Problems in bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, CNS Dementia Bipolar disorder ETC., ETC. Everything that can go wrong – eventually DOES 62

Copyright Declaration Work License Author/Source Jonathan Eisen http://www.microbe.net/fact-sheet-dna-rna-protein/ 2011/12/31 visited RootsWeb.com http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~spearin/gengen.html 2012/5/28 visited Wikimedia Commons: Author Unknown http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg Science 6 - Rosalind Franklin 08 http://cascience6.wikispaces.com/Rosalind+Franklin+08 unnewsJohnnys a big poopy - Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia http://uncyclopedia.wikia.com/wiki/UnNews:Johnnys_a_big_poopy 63

Copyright Declaration Work License Author/Source Wikimedia Commons Unknown photographer/artist, National Cancer Institute http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chemotherapy_bottles_NCI.jpg 2011/12/31 visited Chemotherapy just too expensive to waste on cancer patients anymore - Scrape TV - The World on your side http://scrapetv.com/News/News%20Pages/Health/pages-2/Chemotherapy-just-too-expensive-to-give-to-cancer-patients-anymore-Scrape-TV%20The-World-on-your-side-2012-04-04.html 2012/5/28 visited Wikimedia Commons Dina Wakulchik http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Radiation_therapy.jpg?uselang=zh-tw Polemica su radioterapia. Ceccarelli Con il nuovo ospedale nessun miglioramento » La Gazzetta di Lucca http://www.lagazzettadilucca.it/politica/2011/03/polemica-su-radioterapia-ceccarelli-dell-udc-con-il-nuovo-ospedale-nessun-miglioramento/ This work originally comes from Precision Graphics + http://www.precisiongraphics.com/services/illustration/ and it is used and modified subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 term of use The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10-305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act. 64

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Copyright Declaration Work License Author/Source Flickr MATEUS_27:24&25 http://www.flickr.com/photos/mateus27_24-25/6233083059/ 2012/1/14 visited This work is from National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIGMS, http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/thenewgenetics/chapter1.html and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10-305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act. University of California, Davis, U.S.A, Larry N. Vanderhoef This work originally comes from Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: 67

Copyright Declaration Work License Author/Source This work originally comes from Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10-305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act. SMOKING http://tcsmoking.wikispaces.com/Mouth+Cancer 2012/1/14 visited Wikimedia Commons: Author Unknown http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thyroid_cancer.jpg Tanning Booths Tingkatkan Risiko Kanker Kulit - Jurnal Secience http://jurnalsecience.blogspot.com/2011/12/tanning-booths-tingkatkan-risiko-kanker.html ¿Conoces al Virus del Papiloma Humano http://globedia.com/conoces-virus-papiloma-humano 2012/11/1 visited 68

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Copyright Declaration Work License Author/Source Mankato Free Press Minnesota has always been a small town state - Bluestem Prairie http://www.bluestemprairie.com/bluestemprairie/2011/05/mankato-free-press-minnesota-has-always-been-a-small-town-state.html 2012/5/28 visited   This work is from Public Opinion, Polls and Discussion on SodaHead, http://www.sodahead.com/living/poison-ivyoak-or-sumac-have-you-ever-gotten-it-on-your-skin-whats-the-best-method-of-remedyreli/question-2367765/?slide=2, and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 terms of use The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10-305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act. Ranking de ¿Cual Es Tu Mayor Temor - Listas en 20minutos.es http://listas.20minutos.es/lista/cual-es-tu-mayor-temor-129095/ 2012/11/1 visited Wikipedia Dartmouth Electron Microscope Facility, Dartmouth College http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Misc_pollen.jpg 2012/1/13 visited Allergy natural treatment | Butterbur , by Société & Vous - Santé http://fr.wikinoticia.com/style%20de%20vie/beaut%C3%A9/81845-allergy-natural-treatment--butterbur 2012/5/1 visited 72

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Copyright Declaration Work License Author/Source This work is from Modern Medical Guide, http://www.modernmedicalguide.com/antihistamines/, used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10-305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act. Flickr HeatherMG http://www.flickr.com/photos/heathermg/2469329149/ 2012/1/13 visited This work is from Pharmaceuticals Drugs,Multimineral Supplement Manufacturers,Antibacterial Drugs Suppliers, http://www.whizlaboratories.com/antihistamine-drugs.htm, and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Bukisa - Share your Knowledge http://www.bukisa.com/articles/340089_the-scariest-biological-weapons 2012/5/3 visited Wikimedia Commons CDC/James Hicks http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Child_with_Smallpox_Bangladesh.jpg 74

Copyright Declaration Work License Author/Source Wikipedia: Author Unknown http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Edward_Jenner.jpg 2012/1/13 visited Milkmaids and Cowpox. This work is from The College of Physicians of Philadelphia, http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/milkmaids-and-cowpox, and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10-305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act. Jorge Juan Lozano Cámara http://www.claseshistoria.com/revolucionindustrial/revoluciondemograficavacuna.htm Wikispaces Alicia M. http://khsenglish9.wikispaces.com/Alicia+M. Wikimedia Commons Content Providers(s): CDC http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Polio_sequelle.jpg 2012/11/1 visited 75

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Copyright Declaration Work License Author/Source Wikimedia Commons Daniel Beyer http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hiv_gross_german.png 2012/5/29 visited This work is from Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.2. and used subject to the fair use doctrine of: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10-305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act This work is from MedlinePlus + http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/kaposissarcoma.html and used subject to the fair use doctrine of: Wikipedia: Author Unknown http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kaposi's_Sarcoma.jpg 2011/12/28 visited Case study in dentistry – Lines http://lines.thecafesociety.org/lines/case-study-in-dentistry/ 78

Copyright Declaration Work License Author/Source Wikimedia Commons M. Sand, D. Sand, C. Thrandorf, V. Paech, P. Altmeyer, F. G. Bechara http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kaposis_sarcoma_01.jpg?uselang=zh-tw 2011/12/31 visited Wikimedia Commons McLeod http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Brachial_Kaposi's_sarcoma.jpg&oldid=43363704 Journal - Journal on open sea and coastal kayak paddling http://onkayaks.squarespace.com/journal/2006/8/3/wednesday-august-2nd-2006-the-muse-gets-home.html 2012/5/29 visited Listas creadas por los usuarios de 20minutos.es http://listas.20minutos.es/lista/las-100-mejores-estrellas-de-la-historia-del-cine-67202/ This work is from Rock Hudson - History Commons + http://www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp?entity=rock_hudson_1 and used subject to the fair use doctrine of: Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65 The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10-305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act 79

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