IEEE SoutheastCon 2016 Norfolk, Virginia, USA “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” March 30 – April 03, 2016

Wichita State University (WSU), USA IEEE SoutheastCon 2016 Norfolk, Virginia, USA “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Author, Presenter: Dr. Abu Asaduzzaman, Assistant Professor Computer Architecture and Parallel Programming Laboratory (CAPPLab) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) Wichita State University (WSU), USA March 30 – April 03, 2016

“An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Outline ► Introduction Autonomous Power System – useful energy at lower cost Efficient energy management is extremely important Background and Motivation U.S. energy consumption by source - only 9.5% renewable Increased data transfer/processing for vehicular applications Proposed Simulation Method Using VisualSim Block diagram of a target (vehicular) system VisualSim Cockpit to run the simulation program Experimental Results Discussion QUESTIONS? Any time, please!

“An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Authors Abu Asaduzzaman, Assistant Professor of CE EECS Department, Wichita State University (WSU), USA Md Moniruzzaman, MS Student Kishore K. Chidella, PhD Student Perlekar Tamtam, Engineering Educator of EE

“An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Introduction An autonomous power system (APS) exploits local renewable energy sources and provides useful energy at lower cost when compared to conventional power systems. The main target of an energy management system is to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the customer. Major steps involved with APS success: Generate renewable energy Minimize operation cost Reduce environmental impact Increase profitability

Background and Motivation “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Background and Motivation Energy Consumption by Source U.S. – only 9.5% renewable CO2 Emission U.S. – 28% transportation

Background and Motivation (+) “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Background and Motivation (+) Why increasing renewable energy uses? Fossil fuel scarcity Growing concern over environmental issues Safety issues regarding nuclear energy Sustainability of renewable energy sources Increasing energy conversion efficiency of renewable energy sources The EPA is proposing emission guidelines for States to follow in developing plans to address greenhouse gas (CO2) emissions from existing fossil fuel-fired electric generation EPA = Environmental Protection Agency EIA = Environmental Impact Assessment UCS = Union of Concerned Scientists

Background and Motivation (+) “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Background and Motivation (+) Problem Description: Amount of data transfer and processing inside a vehicle is increasing No effective simulation platform/method to assess APS before implementation Contributions: A flexible simulation platform/method using VisualSim Architecture Integrate renewable energy with gas energy for hybrid electric vehicle Efficient data transfer for proper management

“An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Outline ► Introduction Autonomous Power System – useful energy at lower cost Efficient energy management is extremely important Background and Motivation U.S. energy consumption by source - only 9.5% renewable Increased data transfer/processing for vehicular applications Proposed Simulation Method Using VisualSim Block diagram of a target (vehicular) system VisualSim Cockpit to run the simulation program Experimental Results Discussion QUESTIONS? Any time, please!

Block Diagram of a Target System “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Block Diagram of a Target System (1) Renewable Energy Solar Panels (2) Gasoline Energy (3) Communication CAN Bus (4) Management Main Controller

“An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” VisualSim Model of the Target System

“An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” VisualSim Model of the Target System (+)

“An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” VisualSim Cockpit An instance of simulation failure: For data transfer rate 3200 data per/ second, the queue length is smaller than the required. To resolve this issue, queue length must be increased. Instance of a Simulation Cockpit (Solar Energy Module)

“An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Experimental Results Communication Mediums CAN is the best for vehicle Energy Generated Simulation vs Real

Experimental Results (+) “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Experimental Results (+) Peltier Cell Energy Generation The hot side temperature is varied from 180 to 280 C. We tried to keep the cold side temperature fixed at 30 C. The thermoelectric energy due to simulation is much higher than that due to the experiment as shown. The simulation results represent an ideal case as we use TEG specifications data. During the experiment, we failed to keep the cold side temperature constant while increasing the hot side temperature.

Experimental Results (+) “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Experimental Results (+) Solar Energy in August 2014 Solar energy due to simulation is higher than that due to the actual implementation. Peak power generation for simulation is at around 1:00 PM, but at 2:00 PM for implementation result. This is due to the fact that simulation results uses values from the data sheet specifications of the solar vendor and the solar irradiance of Lamont, OK (not Yoder, KS). Also, we consider that the solar panels are fixed to generate the maximum amount of energy at 1:00 PM.

Experimental Results (+) “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Experimental Results (+) Solar Energy in November 2014 Sometime the simulation result is higher than the implementation result and vice versa. This is probably due to the nature of unpredictable weather conditions in Lamont, OK and Yoder, KS. It is observed that the maximum energy generated in August 2014 is higher than that of November 2014 (for both simulation and implementation). This is because the average solar intensity is higher in August.

Experimental Results (+) “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Experimental Results (+) Energy Generation Required (a standard car): 1400 W [1, 2] Solar panels: 327 W Energy generation = 23% (Approx.) Gas Saving per Standard Car Gas consumption per year: 12,000 miles/24 mpg = 500 gallons [3] Pollution Ellimanation About 20 lb of CO2 is released by burning a gallon of fuel [4, 5]. [1] Electric Current from a Car Battery: http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2000/AronFisch.shtml [2] How many Volts, Amps, and Watts are in the Average Car Battery? (Yahoo Best Answer): https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100228193804AA5y8qE Energy from solar panels (roof top, front, and back) 58+41+32 W = 131 W Energy from solar panels thermoelectric generator: 15 W [3] http://www.eia.gov/petroleum/gasdiesel/ [4] http://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=307&t=11 [5] https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/contentIncludes/co2_inc.htm

“An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” Conclusions In this work, an efficient simulation platform using VisualSim software is presented to investigate multi-source dynamic autonomous power systems. An APS with solar panels, Peltier Cells, and gasoline for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is simulated. Simulation results suggest that CAN bus is the best choice for HEV as CAN bus optimizes the communication required by such a vehicular system. Considering the complexity and the dynamic nature of the APS, we find the proposed simulation method using VisualSim is easy, flexible, fast, and reliable.

IEEE SoutheastCon 2016 in Norfolk, Virginia “An Efficient Simulation Method Using VisualSim to Assess Autonomous Power Systems” QUESTIONS? Contact: Abu Asaduzzaman E-mail: abuasaduzzaman@ieee.org Phone: +1-316-978-5261 CAPPLab: http://www.cs.wichita.edu/~capplab/ Thank You!

“CAPPLab Sustainable and Renewable Energy Management Project” Required Components Prime Solar Cell DIY Kit ($400) Peltier Cell (TEG) ($40) Supercapacitors ($150) CAN Bus Shield ($40) Raspberry Pi (Main Microcontroller) ($60) Arduino Microcontroller (Energy Controller) ($25) Other Materials ($200) Total Cost: <$1000

“CAPPLab Sustainable and Renewable Energy Management Project” CAPPLab Experimental Setup t