Umm Al-Qura University بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم Umm Al-Qura University Health Sciences College at Al-Leith Department of Public Health Lecture (6)

Chemical Control Personal Protection Methods From Vectors

Objectives 1/ Define Personal Protection Methods. 2/ Know Types of Personal Protection Methods.

Personal protection methods: Used by individuals or small groups of people to protect themselves from biting insects and the diseases they may carry.

Used to prevent mosquitoes and other blood-sucking pests from biting. 1- Repellents: Used to prevent mosquitoes and other blood-sucking pests from biting. They are applied directly to the: skin clothing bednets and anti-mosquito screens.

The effectiveness of repellents depend on the: Type of repellent The mode of application, Local conditions (temperature, humidity, wind) The sensitivity of the insects to repellents

Types of repellents: Traditional or natural repellents: Leaves of Vitex negundo Citronella Neem tree Aromatic trees.

Leaves of Vitex negundo

Citronella

Neem tree

Aromatic trees

Modern repellents: Dimethyl phthalate Ethyl hexanediol deet butyl mesityl oxide oxalate (Indalone) diethytolumide (DET)

2- Mosquito coils It is used as insecticide vaporizers. They are easy to use, effective and inexpensive. It is consisted pyrethrum powder.

3- Houses screening: Screening of doors, windows and other openings in houses prevents insects from entering. For mosquito species, the openings in the netting should be 1.5 mm or less. To stop sand flies or biting midges the openings must be much smaller.

4- Mosquito nets: it is protect people against bloodsucking insects at night; they also help to protect against: spiders, cockroaches, snakes and rats cold and dust, and provide privacy. Mosquito nets normally have a mesh size of 1.2–1.5 mm to prevent mosquitoes from entering.

Rectangular Mosquito net: Vary in dimensions A single-size net have: height of about 150 cm length of 180–190 cm width of 70–80 cm double nets: (14–15 m2 of netting)

Insecticide-treated mosquito nets impregnating nets with a quick-acting pyrethroid insecticide which irritates or kills mosquitoes on contact. Treated nets can also be used to protect the most vulnerable groups in a community, such as pregnant women, children and old and sick people from infection with insect-borne diseases.

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Q4: Mosquito nets protect people against: a. Spiders b. Mosquitoes c. Cockroaches d. snakes and rats e. all of the above Q5: The openings in the netting of the house screening which prevent mosquitoes are: a. 1.5 mm b. 1 mm c. 2 mm d. 2.5 mm e. a & b

Q6: Which of the following are natural repellents? a. Dimethyl phthalate b. Ethyl hexanediol c. Aromatic trees d. Neem tree e. c & d

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