PLATE TECTONICS
Alfred Wegener (1880-1930)
Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
I. Continental Drift
Pangea: “all lands”
I. Continental Drift A. Fit of the Continents
Fit of the Continents
I. Continental Drift A. Fit of the Continents B. Fossil Evidence
I. Continental Drift A. Fit of the Continents B. Fossil Evidence C. Rock Types
I. Continental Drift A. Fit of the Continents B. Fossil Evidence C. Rock Types D. Paleoclimate Evidence
PLATE TECTONICS I. Continental Drift Alfred Wegner (1915) A. Fit of the Continents B. Fossil Evidence C. Rock Types D. Paleoclimate Evidence WHAT IS MISSING………?
II. Mounting Evidence of Contin. Drift
Earth’s magnetic field
Earth’s magnetic field
B. Polar Wandering (S.K. Runcorn, 1950)
II. Mounting Evidence of Contin. Drift Earth’s magnetic field Polar Wandering (S.K. Runcorn, 1950) C. Sea Floor Spreading (Harry Hess, 1960)
Sea floor spreading
II. Mounting Evidence of Contin. Drift Earth’s magnetic field Polar Wandering (S.K. Runcorn, 1950) C. Sea Floor Spreading (Harry Hess, 1960) D. Geomagnetic Reversals
Geomagnetic Reversals
video
III. Plate Tectonics
III. Plate Tectonics Concept: an assimilation of the ideas of Wegner Tuzo Wilson Concept: an assimilation of the ideas of Wegner (continental drift) with sea floor spreading and geomagnetics
III. Plate Tectonics Concept: an assimilation of the ideas of Wegner (continental drift) with sea floor spreading and geomagnetics Plate Boundaries
The Wilson Cycle
III. Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries 1. Divergent Hot Spot and Triple Junctions
A divergent boundary…..
A divergent boundary….. animation
A modern-day divergent boundary…..
III. Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries 1. Divergent 2. Convergent a. oceanic-oceanic
Converging boundary….. Oceanic-Oceanic animation
Converging boundary…..
III. Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries 1. Divergent 2. Convergent a. oceanic-oceanic b. oceanic-continental
Converging boundary….. Continental-Oceanic animation
Converging boundary…..
III. Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries 1. Divergent 2. Convergent a. oceanic-oceanic b. oceanic-continental c. continental-continental
Converging boundary….. Continental-Continental animation animation
III. Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries 1. Divergent 2. Convergent a. oceanic-oceanic b. oceanic-continental c. continental-continental 3. Transform
Transform boundary…..
Transform boundary….. animation
III. Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries 1. Divergent 2. Convergent a. oceanic-oceanic b. oceanic-continental c. continental-continental 3. Transform 4. Other (hotspots)
Hot Spots….. animation