9/19-20 LANDFORMS & EARTH PROCESSES NOTES: Earth Physical Processes Weathering, Erosion, Soil Deposits & Dirt VID CLIP: The Value of Soil Tectonic Activity ACTIVITY: Landform Poster REVIEW: TEST NEXT CLASS! GAME: Landform Jingo

LANDFORMS & EARTH’S PHYSICAL PROCESSES

WEATHERING, EROSION, SOIL DEPOSITS & DIRT

REVIEW 23) WEATHERING

2) Types of Weathering A= MECHANICAL = wearing away by wind, water and ice B= CHEMICAL = disintegration by chemical reactions, such as acid rain

REVIEW 24) EROSION

*4) Landforms/Effects of EROSION CAVES CANYONS COASTLINES V-SHAPED VALLEY

*5) Landforms/Effects of SOIL DEPOSITS DELTAS ALLUVIAL FAN SAND DUNES SAND BARS

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS 6) Give an example of WEATHERING, EROSION & DEPOSITION you’ve seen in our area. 7) Sketch a picture of what’s happening there.

VID CLIP: The Value of Soil (5 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=403sT9CGRl0&t=14s

*8) FERTILE SOIL WEATHERED ROCK/SAND ORGANIC MATTER (DECAYING PLANTS & ANIMALS) MANURE BACTERIA & FUNGI WATER AIR Although the MINERAL content of the rock is important, TOP SOIL that is good for farming mostly consists of DECAYING plant matter.

TECTONIC SHIFTS

Earth’s CRUST & SOLID UPPER MANTLE LITHOSPHERE Earth’s CRUST & SOLID UPPER MANTLE

The HEATING and COOLING of Earth’s liquid MANTLE is called CONVECTION, and is the main force that causes TECTONIC PLATES to shift and move.

COMPREHENSION QUESTION How does convection help cause the movement of tectonic plates?

Do NOT eat your cookie until asked by your teacher to do so

Sliding Plate Over Asthenosphere Carefully without breaking the cookie remove the top cookie. Then slide this top portion of the cookie over the filling. Once completed place your cookie on your portion of your napkin marked sliding over asthenosphere. This represents the movement of a plate sliding over the asthenosphere. Do NOT eat your cookie until asked by your teacher to do so

PLATE TECTONICS TECTONIC PLATES are roughly 30 enormous pieces of the Earth’s CRUST that FLOAT on the MANTLE

CONTINENTAL DRIFT

Convergent Plate Boundary Carefully break the top cookie of your Oreo in half. (Do not break the bottom cookie) Then bring the broken parts together in the center of the Oreo. Once completed place your cookie on your portion of your napkin marked divergent boundary. This represents a convergent boundary. Do NOT eat your cookie until asked by your teacher to do so

9A) CONVERGENT (ocean/ocean) Subduction Zones are where ONE PLATE DIVES UNDER ANOTHER under the ocean VOCANIC ISLANDS are formed The HAWAIIAN ISLANDS are an example

9B) CONVERGENT (ocean/continent) Subduction Zones are where ONE PLATE DIVES UNDER ANOTHER near an ocean VOCANIC MOUNTAIN RANGES form in subduction zones. The CASCADE MOUNTAINS (in Oregon & Washington) is an example

9C) CONVERGENT (continent/continent) Convergent Continent Collision RISE when one PLATE COLLIDES with another (with no subduction) They form “FOLDED” MOUNTAIN RANGES The HIMALAYA MOUNTAINS are an example

Divergent Plate Boundaries Carefully break the top cookie of your Oreo in half. (Do not break the bottom cookie) Then pull the two parts of the top cookie apart. Once completed place your cookie on your portion of your napkin marked divergent boundary. This represents a divergent boundary. Do NOT eat your cookie until asked by your teacher to do so

9D) DIVERGENT When tectonic plates SPREAD APART, it’s called Divergence. This causes RIFT VALLEYS & OCEAN RIDGES to form. The GREAT RIFT VALLEY & MARIANAS TRENCH are examples

Transform Plate Boundary Carefully break the top cookie of your Oreo in half. (Do not break the bottom cookie) Then pull the two parts of the top cookie pass one another, in opposite directions. Once completed place your cookie on your portion of your napkin marked transform boundary. Do NOT eat your cookie until asked by your teacher to do so

9E) TRANSFORM BOUNDARY are where TECTONIC PLATES GRIND past each other - they are the most common places for earthquakes. They create FAULT LINES . The SAN ANDREAS FAULT in California is an example

NOW eat your cookie, but clean up all the crumbs

PAIRS: Landform Posters Names of Group Members Name of Landform Sketch of Landform Detailed Description in your own words Explain HOW it’s formed in your own words Example of where to find that Landform (where to visit one in person) Be Prepared to give a Mini-Presentation for a QUIZ GRADE

REVIEW TIME Go Through Your Notes Complete Your Review Quiz Yourself Organize Your Folder/Binder for the Check Worth a TEST Grade Make-Up Any Missing Assignments

VID CLIP: CONSEQUENCES of SUPER VOLCANOES https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hDNlu7Qf6_E

VID CLIP: HOW TSUNAMI WORK https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wx9vPv-T51I

TSUNAMI are a SERIES of enormous WAVES, caused when there’s an EARTHQUAKE under the OCEAN that DISPLACES large amounts of water. Tsunami cause massive destruction – recent examples include the 2004 Indonesian & 2011 Japanese Tsunami

VID CLIP: Dirt https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=if29mjcd5bc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eCSIrlk0GTs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uB61rfeeAsM

VID CLIP: Why Is Soil So Important? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_YXEh0eQD4&t=7s

VID CLIP: Lets Talk About Soil (5.5 min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=invUp0SX49g

MINING & DRILLING People DRILL into the LITHOSPHERE for WATER & PETROLEUM (oil & gas) People MINE into the Lithosphere for COAL & MINERALS

COMPREHENSION QUESTION If you took a hardboiled egg and dropped it, you would see its shell split into several pieces. How would those pieces of eggshell be same as tectonic plate? How would they be different?