The Rise of the Middle Ages CHAPTER 13 1/23/2018 CHAPTER 13 The Rise of the Middle Ages Section 1: The Rise of the Franks Section 2: Feudalism and the Manorial System Section 3: The Church Section 4: The Struggle for Power in England and France Section 5: The Clash over Germany and Italy

The Rise of the Franks Objectives: Section 1: Describe how Frankish rulers gained control of Europe. Explain what caused the decline of Charlemagne’s empire.

The Rise of the Franks The Frankish Rulers Section 1: An age of transition – Middle Ages or medieval period Clovis and the Merovingians Charles Martel and Pépin the Short Charlemagne’s empire Government – missi dominici Education and learning – produced a readable Bible

The Decline of the Frankish Empire Section 1: The Rise of the Franks The Decline of the Frankish Empire The empire after Charlemagne’s death – Louis the Pious was a weak ruler The Vikings

Feudalism and the Manorial System Section 2: Feudalism and the Manorial System Objectives: Explore how feudalism helped shape political and social development in Europe during the Middle Ages. Identify the ways in which the manorial system influenced economic growth in Europe during the Middle Ages.

Feudalism and the Manorial System Section 2: Feudalism and the Manorial System Feudalism The system – lords and vassals, primogeniture Warfare – private fights between feudal lords Feudal justice – trial by battle, oath taking, or trial by ordeal

Feudalism and the Manorial System Section 2: Feudalism and the Manorial System The Manorial System Peasant life – serfs led very difficult lives Nobles’ lifestyles – castle was the fortified base Chivalry – rules that dictated knights’ behavior

The Church Objectives: Section 3: Describe how the church hierarchy fit into society. Explain how the practices of monasticism changed. Explore how the church influenced life in medieval Europe.

The Church The Church Hierarchy Section 3: The parish priest – held lowest rank, but still important The bishop – managed the diocese Church leadership – archbishop managed the archdiocese

The Church Monasticism Section 3: Monastic lifestyles – monks and nuns withdrew from the world to serve God The Benedictine Rule – rules to govern monks’ lives The spread of monastic influence

The Church and Medieval Life Section 3: The Church The Church and Medieval Life Political role – pope was political and religious leader Economic and social role – some monasteries were involved in trade Problems of the church – lay investiture and simony

Objectives: The Struggle for Power in England and France Section 4: Explain how the kingdom of England was formed. Identify the achievements of William the Conqueror and his successors. Describe how Parliament and common law affected political developments in England. Explore how the French kings gained power over their nobles.

Anglo-Saxon and Norman England Section 4: The Struggle for Power in England and France Anglo-Saxon and Norman England Anglo-Saxon England – named for two Germanic tribes Alfred the Great – determined to drive the Danes out Danish rule The Norman Conquest – Edward the Confessor, William the Conqueror

The Conqueror and His Successors Section 4: The Struggle for Power in England and France The Conqueror and His Successors Reforms under William’s successors – strong, efficient, well-financed government King John and Magna Carta – protected liberties of nobles and outlined rights for ordinary people

Parliament and Common Law Section 4: The Struggle for Power in England and France Parliament and Common Law Parliament – nobles and clergy made up House of Lords, knights and burgesses made up House of Commons Common law – collection of decisions that were applied equally and in common

Rise of the Capetian Kings in France Section 4: The Struggle for Power in England and France Rise of the Capetian Kings in France The growth of royal territory Strengthening the central government

The Clash over Germany and Italy Section 5: The Clash over Germany and Italy Objectives: Describe how the Holy Roman emperors used their power. Explain how the struggle between the popes and emperors developed.

The Clash over Germany and Italy Section 5: The Clash over Germany and Italy The Holy Roman Empire Otto I – worked to develop a strong kingdom in Germany Henry III – viewed the church as a branch of the imperial government

Struggles between the Papacy and European Rulers Section 5: The Clash over Germany and Italy Struggles between the Papacy and European Rulers Gregory and Henry II – disagreed regarding lay investiture and Henry was ex-communicated Imperial submission – Gregory revoked the king’s ex-communication Frederick Barbarossa – defeated by the Lombard League Innocent III – sought to make church power superior to temporal authority