WLTP IWG ISC Taskforce: Starting note WLTP-10-21e WLTP IWG ISC Taskforce: Starting note WLTP Informal working group Paris, 26 – 28 April 2016 Emission team Automotive and Mobility Industries DG GROWTH, European Commission (thanks to Iddo Riemersma for discussions & slides)

Objective of ISC testing Traditionally: Check the durability in terms of pollutant emission performance over the useful life of the vehicle against the regulated pollutant limits New for WLTP: Check in addition the integrity of the type approval process by evaluating CO2 and FC of in-service vehicles against the declared values (with a tolerance)

Purpose of the durability check To ensure that emission related vehicle technology remains functioning properly over the useful life of the vehicle, by checking if emissions remain within the regulated pollutant limits Typically performed by the manufacturer under supervision of the responsible approval authority

Purpose of the integrity check To avoid systematic use of the tolerances, flexibilities and potential loopholes in the type approval test procedure To evaluate if vehicles conform -within a reasonable tolerance- to the declared values on CO2 and fuel consumption, electric consumption and electric ranges (for EVs) regardless of the parameters and conditions applied (as long as they are within the validity range of the regulatory test procedure). The integrity check needs to be performed by an independent body that is not involved in the type approval process (e.g. another approval authority or NGO, to be decided in regional legislation). This body should receive full access to the data needed for the tests and a mandate to challenge the type approval values.

Main technical elements for the Conformity of Production Strengths and weakness analysis of existing CoP procedures Definition of vehicle families and selection of vehicles from the production Revision of the statistical procedure with evaluation criteria for the test results based on actual emission performance instead of a pass/fail decision (EU proposal available) Mandatory test, based on laboratory testing under the responsibility of the manufacturer and the responsible approval authority Adding a tracking procedure to avoid disregarding results of vehicles that exceed emission limits, unless it is technically justified and recorded

Main technical elements for the durability aspect Strengths and weakness analysis of existing ISC procedures Definition of vehicle families Rules for the selection of vehicles from the fleet Revision of the statistical procedure with evaluation criteria for the test results based on actual emission performance instead of a pass/fail decision (similar to the CoP requirements; EU proposal available) Mandatory test, based on laboratory testing under the responsibility of the manufacturer and the responsible approval authority Adding a tracking procedure to avoid disregarding results of vehicles that exceed emission limits, unless it is technically justified and recorded

Main technical elements for integrity check Which data is needed for the independent body to perform ISC testing? What is a reasonable gap for the deviation between the official CO2 emissions and an ISC test? What is the process to come to a final conclusion if the official road load and/or CO2 emissions and/or pollutants are challenged (statistical evidence in terms of e.g. sample size, discrepancies, etc.)? Should the check of road load and CO2 emissions be made separate, combined or have a two-step approach? Should the selected vehicle be evaluated as an individual vehicle, or against the data of vehicle L and H of the vehicle family?

Mandate The ISC Taskforce shall be open to all experts, stakeholders and CP representatives that have an interest in WLTP; be chaired by the European Commission; develop a procedure to demonstrate Conformity of Production (CoP) and In- Service Conformity (ISC) for the WLTP GTR; act as a platform for the exchange of information and contributions of stakeholders, to be discussed and agreed during the development process; report to the WLTP-IWG on the progress; deliver technical advice and a GTR text proposal; focus only on the technical issues regarding the procedure to be developed, while political issues are taken at a higher UNECE level or by Contracting Parties.

Terms of reference The ISC Taskforce shall develop a CoP and ISC procedure for those vehicle types included in the scope of WLTP; review and improve the existing R83 CoP and ISC procedure on emissions; add an integrity checking procedure to demonstrate the conformity of the road load and CO2 emissions/fuel consumption with appropriate statistical requirements on e.g. sample size, discrepancies and tolerances; consider if road load and CO2/fuel consumption are evaluated separately or combined; consider whether the selected vehicle has to be evaluated as individual vehicle or against the data of vehicle L and H of the vehicle family.

Outlook Ask which stakeholders are interested to join this ISC taskforce Nominate a taskforce leader Plan a kick-off meeting Consider whether to split the development processes for the durability check/CoP and the integrity check Make an overview of existing regulatory CoP/ISC requirements and identify strengths & weaknesses Set the timeline finish the durability check in phase 2A(?) finish the integrity check in phase 2B

Thank you for your attention! Nikolaus.steininger@ec.europa.eu