Bonding and Properties S2/3 Chemistry Bonding and Properties

Properties The properties of a substance can be split into two groups

Properties The properties of a substance can be split into two groups Chemical – how the substance reacts

Properties The properties of a substance can be split into two groups Chemical – how the substance reacts Physical – measurable quantity such as boiling point, colour, electrical conductivity

Properties Design an experiment to test the electrical conduction of a substance.

Ion Model In a solution or a molten ionic compound the electric current is a flow of ions. In metal wires the electric current is a flow of electrons.

Ion Model Solid ionic substances do not conduct electricity because their ions are held tightly together in a regular arrangement called a lattice. They cannot move. Ionic substances are always solid at room temperature.

Ion Model When the ionic substance is melted or dissolved in water the ions can then move and the substance will conduct.

Testing Covalent Compounds formula Ionic/covalent Conduct? ethanol C2H5OH propanone C3H6O Sugar Solution C6H12O6 water H2O

Testing Covalent Compounds formula Ionic/covalent Conduct? ethanol C2H5OH covalent propanone C3H6O Sugar Solution C6H12O6 water H2O

Testing Covalent Compounds formula Ionic/covalent Conduct? ethanol C2H5OH covalent no propanone C3H6O Sugar Solution C6H12O6 water H2O

Rules for Conduction Covalent compound may be solid, liquid or gas at room temperature Covalent compound do not conduct in any state

Conduction Summary All Compounds

Conduction Summary All Compounds Ionic Covalent

Conduction Summary All Compounds Ionic Covalent made of ions

Conduction Summary All Compounds Ionic Covalent made of ions solid liquid solution

Conduction Summary All Compounds Ionic Covalent made of ions solid liquid solution Never conducts conducts

Conduction Summary All Compounds Ionic Covalent made of ions made of molecules network solid liquid solution Never conducts conducts

Conduction Summary All Compounds Ionic Covalent made of ions made of molecules network solid liquid solution solid liquid solution Never conducts conducts

Conduction Summary All Compounds Ionic Covalent made of ions made of molecules network solid liquid solution solid liquid solution Never conducts conducts never conducts

Conduction Summary All Compounds Ionic Covalent made of ions made of molecules network solid liquid solution solid liquid solution Never conducts conducts never conducts

Solubility There are no firm rules for solubility.

Solubility There are no firm rules for solubility. Ionic substances can be soluble or insoluble. A list of the more common compounds is in the data book.

Solubility There are no firm rules for solubility. Ionic substances can be soluble or insoluble. A list of the more common compounds is in the data book. Covalent substances also can be soluble or insoluble.