Test 2 Review

Early Rome Imperium Struggle of Orders Expansion Early Romans Senate Romulus and Remus Etruscan influence Tarquin & Lucretia Rebellion Senate Magistrates Consul Praetor Proconsul Propraetor Dictator Imperium Struggle of Orders Patricians Plebeians Expansion Etruscans Samnite Wars Military reorganization Greek Colonies

Punic Wars & Roman Culture 1st Punic War Sicily 2nd Punic War Hannibal Scipio Africanus Battle of Zama 3rd Punic War Cato the Elder Scipio Amelianus Hellenistic Wars Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean Judah Maccabee Seleucid Empire Religion Greek Influence Politics Mystery Religions Philosophy Lucretius On the Nature of Things Epicureanism Cicero “Father of Roman Eloquence” Stoicism Roman Law Law of the Twelve Tables

The Republic in Transition Drama Platus Terence Prose Cato the Elder – On Agriculture Tradition vs. Hellenism Cato the Elder Scipio Amelianus Nobiles – Nobles Equites – Equestrians Latifundia The Gracchi Tiberius Gracchus Public land to the poor Gaius Gracchus Cheap grain Colonies Citizenship rights Marius Land for Veterans Sulla Civil War Dictator for Life Constitution

The First Triumvirate Third Servile War (71 BC) Pompey vs Crassus The Gladiator Rebellion Spartacus Pompey vs Crassus Judea John Hyrcanus II Pharisees Aristobulus II Sadducees First Triumvirate Julius Caesar Pompey Crassus Crassus in Parthia Death of Julia Caesar's Civil War Rubicon Battle of Pharsalus Pompey in Egypt Cleopatra Caesar Calendar Reforms Dictator for Life Brutus & Cassius Caesar's Assassination

The Second Triumvirate & Empire Octavian Caesar Julius Caesar’s Adopted son Mark Anthony Julius Caesar’s second in command Marcus Lepidus Julius Caesar’s monetary backer Second Triumvirate “Liberators‘” civil war Anthony & Cleopatra Propaganda campaign Anthony/Octavian's Civil War Battle of Actium End of the Republic Octavian’s titles Augustus Imperator Princeps Pontifex Maximus Pax Romana

Empire & Christianity The Social Order Religion Literature Judea Senatorial Order Equestrian Order All other Citizens Religion Julius Caesar Roma Literature Virgil The Aeneid Livy Ab Urbe Condita Judea Herod I Zealots & Apocalyticism Christianity Jesus of Nazareth Spiritual Kingdom, not Earthly one Jesus Crucified Belief in resurrection Paul of Tarsus Christianity Vs. Pagan Cults

Early Empire Julio-Claudians Government Rebellions Great Fire of Rome Augustus Tiberius Caligula Claudius Nero Government Mixed titles Rebellions Boudicca First Jewish-Roman War Great Fire of Rome The Year of Four Emperors Flavians Vespasian Titus Domitian Government More Imperator, Less Princeps Monarchy in all but name “Bread and Circuses” Art Realism Engineering Aqueducts & Roads

Contemporaries of Rome Parthia Ctesiphon Persian Traditions Replaced by Sassanids Manichaeism Mix Mani Gnosticism Trade Empires Bactria Kushans China – Han Dynasty Rebellion Liu Bang Wu-Di “The Martial Emperor” Centralization Expansion Roads & Canals Han Synthesis Xiongnu invasions The Silk Road(s) China to Mediterranean Trade goods

The “Golden Age” of the Roman Empire & Decline Antonine Dynasty Nerva Trajan Hadrian Antonius Pius Marcus Aurelius Meditations Five Good Emperors Government “Office of Principate” Expansion to Defense Commodus End of Pax Romana Severan Dynasty Military Dictators Age of the Barracks Emperors Barbarian & Sassanid Invasions

Late Empire Diocletian Early Church Monasticism Constantine Division of the Empire The Tetrarchy 2 Augustus 2 Caesar Economic Reforms Great Persecution Early Church Ekklesia Bishops Monasticism Eremitical Coenobitic Constantine Battle of Mivian Bridge Edit Of Milan Constantinople Ties to Church Trinitarianism Vs. Arianism Council of Nicaea Nicene Creed

Late Empire Visigoths Theodosius Fritigern v. Valens Battle of Adrianople Sacking of Rome (410) Alric I Theodosius Christianity Official Religion Empire Splits Eastern Roman Empire > Byzantine Empire Christian Literature Jerome – Vulgate Augustine Confessions City of God Patriarchs & Pope Patriarchs Rome Antioch Alexandria Jerusalem Constantinople Petrine Doctrine Papal Primacy

End of the Western Empire and the Mayans The Hun Empire Attilla the Hun Pope Leo I “The Great” Vandals Sack Rome (455) Genseric Western Empire Ends Romulus Augustus Odovacar (Odoacer) “King of Italy” Maya Yucatan Olmec inheritance Cocoa Temples Tikal Chichén Itzá Mathematics Astronomy Religion

Gupta, Axum, & Christendom India Gupta Empire Chandra Gupta Kalidassa Mahabharata Axum(Aksum) Ezana Christianity “Solamaic” Dynasty Ethiopia Germanic Tribes/Kingdoms Comitatus - “war band” Dooms of Ethelbert Wergeld Ostrogoths Theodoric Franks Clovis Christianity Merovingian dynasty

Christian Missionaries & the Byzantine Empire Spread of Christianity Three Ways Preaching Assimilation Penitential system Western Monasticism - Benedictine Benedict of Nursia Rule of Saint Benedict Scholastica Cassiodorus History of the Goths Institutes Gregory I “The Great” “Western Church” The Byzantine Empire Justinian Theodora Conquests & Plague Hagia Sophia Recodification of Roman Law Corpus Juris Civilias “body of civil law”

Possible Short IDs The Silk Road Roman Magistrates Christianization of the Germans Popularity of Christianity vs. The Pagan Cults Julius Caesar Cato the Elder (Marcus Cato) The Gracchi  The Tetrarchy