London Docklands Regeneration

Where is the Docklands ?

The Docks in the past

The Docks was used for the shipping of goods into London. The Docks in the past The Docks was used for the shipping of goods into London.

Reasons for the Decline of the Docklands The ships could no longer fit in the docks due to containerisation. Goods were being moved quicker and faster by air travel. During the war the London Docklands was bombed very badly. This caused a lot of damage.

20,000 jobs lost in the Docklands The Effects of Decline In 1981 60% of the area was derelict, vacant or under-used. 20,000 jobs lost in the Docklands The population of London Docklands fell by 20% between 1971 and 1981. The unemployment rate in London Docklands in 1981 was 17.8%.

THE LDDC Aims Encourage development of existing Industry Ensure housing is available to all Bring Land and Buildings back into use Encourage development of existing Industry Create an attractive Environment

Aim 1 ; Ensure Housing is available to all The next few slides will help you decide whether the London Docklands created appropriate Housing to meet the locals needs.

1981 Housing BEFORE THE LDDC AFTER THE LDDC 20% was classified as being in poor or uninhabitable condition. BEFORE THE LDDC 9.1 % of stock was classified as overcrowded. AFTER THE LDDC 95% of the housing was rented, mostly (83%) through the local authorities. Owner occupation was 5%.

Aim 1 ; Ensure Housing is available to all 1981 5% of homes were owner occupied What does this suggest about the LDDC meeting the needs for housing ? 1991 – 38% of homes were owner occupied

Port East Apartment Guess the Price !!!   A 3rd floor apartment in this popular warehouse conversion with a lift & concierge close to the transport and amenities of West India Quay.  1 dbl bedroom Reception/dining room Kitchen 2 bathrooms (1 en-suite), £375,000 Balcony & allocated parking

Housing Pent house owned by Bob Hoskins Apartments above the Marriott Hotel Pent house owned by Bob Hoskins Housing

What could you buy in Skipton with the same money ? breakfast kitchen family bathroom music room Double Garage master bedroom with ensuite dining room entrance hall cloakroom 4 bedrooms lounge

There is now a lack of council housing. The housing stock was aimed at high wage earners coming into the area. Only 2000 cheap houses were built. 3500 people still homeless in East London.

Did they achieve the aim ? Ensure housing is available to all Yes 24,000 new homes have been constructed 2031 of the houses were produced by Housing Associations. No 804 of the houses are Local Authority Housing

Aim 2; Attract Business and Investment The next few slides will help you decide whether the London Docklands attracted Business and Investment

Aim 2; Encourage the Development of Industry London City Airport was built . This provided jobs for those who had previously worked around the docklands. Over 700 new firms located in the area including HSBC, Bank of America, The Sun, Daily Telegraph and The Sunday Telegraph

Transport around the Docklands Access to the London Docklands was improved with the creation of the DLR making access to the Docklands easier and quicker.

The creation of jobs in the local area. Most New jobs area transfers from outside the area. Hence it did not create employment but merely moved the employment from one part of the country to another. Employment trends are still similar to 1981 for the locals in the area.

How the LDDC attracted Industry into the area. 1. It had the power to grant planning approval. 2. It had compulsory purchase powers to speed up the process of land clearance. 3. It had a range of incentives, to encourage developers. Investors did not pay tax. This saved the buidlers of Canary Wharf £200million. 4. It had backing from central government for expenditure. Durring 1990 the LDDC was spending £6million a week.

Aim 3; Bring Land and Buildings back into use The next few slides will help you decide whether the London Docklands created an attractive Environment.

Changes to land use – Port East After the war the docks went into decline. The industry left the area due to competition from abroad. After the introduction of the UDC the Docklands was redeveloped. Warehouse previously used for temporary storage of sugar from the West Indies. Each dock was named after where the produce came in from e.g West India Docks

Shadwell Basin; Bringing land back into use. BEFORE THE LDDC The LDDC opened up to the public waterfront from in 3.7 miles in 1981 to 31 miles (50 km) in 1998 AFTER THE LDDC

Changes to Western Docks BEFORE THE LDDC AFTER THE LDDC

Bringing Land back into use; West India Docks BEFORE THE LDDC AFTER THE LDDC

The Cranes show the original purpose of the area. Evidence of the past The evidence of the original Docks is seen here with a gateway being built to show the original purpose of the area. The Cranes show the original purpose of the area.

Current Land use Warehouses have been turned into expensive apartments. Restaurants and bars on the first floor. Original signs of the docks left for heritage purposes. Floating Ships such as St Pauls

Aim 4; Create an attractive environment The next few slides will help you decide whether the London Docklands created an attractive Environment.

Creating an Attractive Environment The trees cost £30,000 each. They were brought fully grown to give the area a feel of establishment Marble was imported from various countries and used all around the Docklands to give the idea of luxury and class.

Creating an attractive Environment The water fountain is climate controlled and will be adjusted according to the wind speed. The water fountain base is made from marble to give the impression of luxury

Creating an Attractive Environment Open Space has been left in the Docklands so that the workers have some green space within a high density area. Local artists are invited to contribute to the local area. These can be changed at any time.

Creating an attractive environment Notice the lack of litter and chewing gum. This is due to the high maintenance in the area. High quality marble used all around the Docklands

Creating an Attractive Environment Marble was imported from all around the world. This was to give the impression of luxury and quality around the Docklands.

Creating an attractive environment Award winning underground station. Even the underground station has been designed in a manner which suggests luxury and style

Creating an attractive environment Bronze was used for the finishing touches rather than brass Teak Wood was used for the exterior of the stores which is very expensive and normally used for inside interiors High Quality of marble on the floor

How much would you pay for these trees ? It has planted 160,000 trees and won 94 awards for excellence in landscaping, planning, architecture and conservation. How much would you pay for these trees ? £30,000 each. The LDDC purchased 20,000 of theses trees. Every effort is taken to make the area look attractive. This will create some semi skilled employment around the Docklands e.g. Maintenance Work

830 Hectares of derelict land had been reclaimed Success Population has increased from 30,000 to 79,000 830 Hectares of derelict land had been reclaimed There are now over 2,500 companies located in the Docklands 41,421 jobs created It is a major tourist attraction attracting 2 million visitors a year. The DLR was extended in Nov 2005 to provide access to City Airport

Failure There has been a change in the type of jobs available. The change from secondary to Tertiary had a major impact on the local area. The LDDC expenditure ON the community was 5% The increase in work is mainly part time and service sector based

Local Opinions according to the LDDC

The other side to the story

The loss of the community as they knew it; Peter Wade worked in the Docklands for over 20 years and became the spokesperson for the local community when the Docklands Development Corporation began.

The death of the community

Opinions around the Docklands – taken from the Wharf Newspaper.