Essay responses given back Answer the following exam-style questions for assessment (look at the following two slides for guidance on answering these types of questions!) 1) How successful was Trotsky in his attempts to reform the Red Army (8 Mark Question) Remember this type of question asks you to consider his aims / short & long term success, etc. 2) Describe what happened to the Romanov royal family in July 1918 (4 Mark Question) Discuss today Know date / place / time / why murdered! SHP page 57

Homework due Friday Make bullet-point notes on pages: 87, 88, and 92 of the WJEC book: War Communism The situation in the towns The situation in the countryside The Cheka and the Red Terror Economic, Social and Political Conditions in 1921 The Kronstadt rising and the abandonment of War Communism.

The New Economic Policy Objectives: To know what the NEP was and evaluate its success. To review how the Bolsheviks secured their control in Russia.

What event did one historian describe as, “a case of the Bolsheviks being abandoned by their own favoured sons” and why?   Objectives: To know what the NEP was and evaluate the positives/negatives of it. To review how the Bolsheviks secured their control in Russia.

The Defeat of the Mutiny Effects of the Mutiny The Kronstadt rebellion had two key effects: Many socialists all over the world lost faith in the Bolshevik revolution, which they now saw as a repressive regime. Lenin realised that he would have to relax War Communism, or he was going to provoke a revolution which would throw out the Bolsheviks; this was why he invented the ‘New Economic Policy’. The Defeat of the Mutiny Trotsky was given the job of defeating the rebellion.   In Petrograd, the Bolsheviks took the sailors’ families as hostages.    On 5 March, Trotsky reached Kronstadt and called on the sailors to surrender – or they would be ‘shot like partridges’.   He knew that he had to act quickly – soon the pack ice would be melting and the naval base would become impregnable. But the first Bolshevik troops to attack Kronstadt were young and the Cheka with machine guns had to be placed behind them to stop them retreating.   When they attacked on 7 March across the 5-mile stretch of open ice, the Kronstadt defenders mowed them down. Trotsky continued to bombard the Kronstadt fortress with artillery, and gathered an army of 50,000 crack troops.   On 16 March they attacked.   In an 18-hour battle, 10,000 Red Guards were killed, but Kronstadt was taken.   Hundreds of mutineers were imprisoned: 500 were shot on the spot, and a further 2000 were executed over the next few months.   The rest were sent to Siberia. Objectives: To know what the NEP was and evaluate the positives/negatives of it. To review how the Bolsheviks secured their control in Russia.

The New Economic Policy Textbook page 66 The New Economic Policy What was they key features of the NEP? Use page 86 bullet points to explain Why did some critics see it as a return to capitalism? Objectives: To know what the NEP was and evaluate the positives/negatives of it. To review how the Bolsheviks secured their control in Russia.

Use the diagram to explain how the NEP worked and the effects it would have on food production

Lenin's Economic Policy: From War Communism to NEP (3:50) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5U5duV94Ocs

Read the two sources. Explain why they have different views.

Study sources A to D and 32,33 & 34 which are printed off around the room (for revision purposes it is on the following 7 slides) Why sources suggest the NEP was a success or a failure? Give a brief explanation for each decision Source Success Failure A B C D 32 33 34

Key Term: Nepmen: Private Traders who benefitted from the right to trade from the NEP.

Feedback in pairs Which of the following statements best sums up the NEP? The NEP was a popular and successful policy. The NEP was an unpopular but successful policy. The NEP was an unpopular and unsuccessful policy. Explain your answer by evaluating how successful a policy you think the NEP was!

Homework due next Thursday: Pages 92-94 – Economic Change and the New Economic Policy (NEP) 1) Read and take bullet-point notes to add to your work from today’s lesson. 2) Answer questions 1 and 2 on page 94. 3) Complete Russia Quiz 3 from VLE (Russian Civil War) __________________________________________ Extension: 1) Read pages 89-90 “The establishment of Bolshevik Rule.” 2) Complete questions 1-3 on page 90.