Political and Economic Challenges

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Presentation transcript:

Political and Economic Challenges The Gilded Age Political and Economic Challenges

The Emergence of Political Machines Organized group that controls a city’s political party • Give services to voters, businesses for political, financial support • After Civil War, machines gain control of major cities • Machine organization: precinct captains, ward bosses, city boss

The Role of the Political Boss Political Machines The Role of the Political Boss May serve as mayor he: controls city jobs, business licenses influences courts, municipal agencies arranges building projects, community services •Bosses paid by businesses, get voters’ loyalty, extend influence Immigrants and the Machine Many captains, bosses 1st or 2nd generation Americans Machines help immigrants with naturalization, jobs, housing Election Fraud and Graft • Machines use electoral fraud to win elections • Graft—illegal use of political influence for personal gain • Machines take kickbacks, bribes to allow legal, illegal activities

WILLIAM BOSS TWEED Corrupt political leader put New York City in debt Political boss 1851 elected to city council 1852 served in Congress Kept Democratic Party in power in NYC called Tammany Hall Formed the Tweed Ring Bought votes, encouraged corruption, controlled NYC politics

Received large fees for interests (*kickbacks) from the Erie Railroad WILLIAM BOSS TWEED Received large fees for interests (*kickbacks) from the Erie Railroad Tweed Ring milked the city with false leases, padded bills, false vouchers, unnecessary repairs and over-priced goods *Return of a portion of the money received in a sale or contract often illegal and corrupt in return for special favors.

WILLIAM BOSS TWEED Exposed for his corruption by cartoonist and editor, Thomas Nast Tweed Ring fell and 1873 Tweed convicted of embezzlement Later Tweed was arrested on a civil charge and jailed in NYC, later died there

Political Cartoonists Raise Alarm Political Cartoonists = expressed their concern about the damaging effects of corruption and big money. Thomas Nast = exposed the illegal activities of William Marcy “Boss” Tweed. Boss Tweed did escape prison once and fled to Spain only to be recaptured due to people recognizing him from the political cartoons.

Writing Prompt HALF A PAGE What is your opinion of a Political Machine? Do they really benefit the people?