Speech Organization: Intro + Body + Conclusion Chapters 9 and 10 Lecture/Recap

Review General Purpose: To Inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about… Remember—Concise. Central Idea: Thesis statement Strategic Organization

Body of the Speech

Main Points Expresses central idea Amount? Amount of time on each Be strategic Too many? Fits time frame? Amount of time on each More complex/more supporting materials = more time Huge differences in time? Help your audience process the information Keep main points separate Similar (or recognizable) patterns Effective organization

Organization of Main Points Chronological Spatial Causal Problem-Solution Topical

Example -Central idea: Facebook has the potential to affect the type and quality of interpersonal relationships among teenagers - Main Points: I. FB causes faster relationships to form II. FB causes conflict III. FB limits face-to-face interaction

Examples Chronological Order (follows time pattern) Main Point 1 – First, individuals add friends and have minimum communication Main Point 2 – Overtime, individuals begin to communicate more through FB messaging

examples Spatial Order (follows a directional pattern) Main Point 1 – FB in high schools Main Point 2 – FB in colleges OR Main Point 1 – FB among teens in Georgia Main Point 2 – FB among teens in Maryland

Examples Causal Order (presents cause-effect relationship) Main Point 1: FB causes less face-to-face interaction Main Point 2: People use FB more for discussing problems rather than using spoken messages. Main Point 3: This affects the way in which teens can communicate effectively outside of technology

examples Problem-Solution (self explanatory) Main Point 1: Research shows FB has led to bullying Main Point 2: People argue that FB should launch an anti-bullying campaign

Examples Topical Order Main Point 1: FB and friendships Main Point 2: FB and romantic relationships Main Point 3: FB and family

What would be the best organizational pattern? Informing audience about unemployment rates across the US Informing audiences on the application process for Financial Aid Informing audiences on the effects of smoking Informing audiences about the different academic programs at Gordon

Using your supporting materials Remember: Examples, stats, and testimony— three common types Must support your main ideas, which support your central idea/thesis Must organize your supporting material Will fit in as sub-points/minor points

Connectives Helps with organization; guides your audience through your speech

Introductions and Conclusions

Introductions Objective 1: Gain their attention and interest Make your topic relatable Explain the importance of your topic (to your audience) Startle your audience Build suspense (and their curiosity) Use rhetorical questions Use a powerful (and relevant) quote Tell a story

How could you gain attention? How could you make this relatable? Social Security Coffee Illiteracy Laughter Steroids Blood donations

Introductions Objective 2:Reveal your topic Objective 3: Establish credibility and goodwill Objective 4: Provide a preview of your main points ***Objective 5: Explain your central idea/thesis Is this the right spot?

When creating your introduction: Remember each objective Keep it brief Be creative While researching, look for valuable intro material Many write the introduction after their main points Practice delivering your introduction Do not write out your entire introduction; use outline format

Conclusions Signal the end of the speech More creative than “In Conclusion” Reinforce the central idea/thesis Summarize your main points Memorable Close End with a quote End with a dramatic statement Circle back to your introduction

Conclusions For your next speech, your conclusion will: Signal the end (without saying “In Conclusion”) Reinforce your central idea/Summarize your main points Provide memorable close (e.g. quote, dramatic statement, circling back to your introduction) Make sure to practice your conclusion; be creative

Step-by-Step Research and Mapping (Org) Organizing and Outlining You’ve selected a topic; start researching. As you research, map out the information that you have. What do you want to include? Do you have enough material? Organizing and Outlining You have your information, now you can finish up with your organization. What is the logical order? How will you fit that into your intro, body, and conclusion? Some people may focus on the body of the speech during the first step—focusing on the intro and conclusion at this stage. Put your “map” into your outline format. Practicing delivery (strategies, word choice) Practice your delivery. Are you using the correct words? Vocal variety? Eye contact? http://faculty.gordonstate.edu/agoldman/Public%20Speaking.htm