Chinese 747 Advanced Chinese Translation Practice Class Time: 9-11 am Wednesday Classroom: 207-302 Teacher: Dr. Yan Ding (Lydia) E-mail: Yan.ding@auckland.ac.nz

Recap of Week 9 Translation Problems Translation Strategies Linguistic problems Grammatical problems Pragmatic problems Cultural problems Translation Strategies

Week 10 Translation Text Analysis Propositional Analysis Speed Translation

Text Type – Katharina Reiss ‘Informative’ –content. Facts, information, knowledge, opinions etc./logical referential ‘Expressive‘ – creative composition and aesthetics. Imaginative creative literature ‘Operative' - appellative. Appeals to the reader to act in a certain way/dialogic. ‘Audiomedial' - visual and audio Descriptive Narrative Expository Argumentative

Translation Brief (C. Nord) the (intended) text function(s) the target ­text addressee(s) the (prospective ) time and place of text reception the medium over which the text will be transmitted, and the motive for the production or reception of the text. 

Example (celebration - tourist brochure) Intended text functions: referential (information about anniversary events),  appellative (image promotion, mainly by means of expressive elements) Addressees: visitors to Heidelberg and other people interested in the  university and academic Life Time and place of reception: mainly Heidelberg, occasionally other  places, for the whole year of the anniversary, but no longer; Medium: monolingual brochure with coloured photographs and short texts  in a given layout; Reason for text production and reception: 600th anniversary of  Heidelberg University.

General Requirement for Translators (Inferred) In order to achieve the intended functions, the text should conform to text-type and general style conventions and a rather formal register; The text producer should take account of the prospective audience’s culture specific knowledge presuppositions; Spatial and temporal deixis (reference point) will refer mainly to Heidelberg and the year of the anniversary; The text must fit into the space provided by the layout; The information on anniversary events will have priority over other data.

The role of source text analysis The source text provides the offer of information on the starting point Analysis of the source text guides the translation process in that it provides the basis for decisions about: (a) the feasibility of the translation assignment  (b) which source text units are relevant to a functional translation and (c) which translation strategy will lead to a target text meeting the requirements of the translation brief. 

Analyse what? text type pragmatic analysis of the communicative situation involved (audience, media, register etc.) differences between source text and target text addressees with respect to sociocultural background, world knowledge and cultural expectations.

Text-linguistic models The Kintsch and van Dijk model for discourse processing Description of argumentative texts (Tirkkonen-Condit) Illocutionary and interactional structure - Speech acts and illocutions (Austin)

Proposition A proposition conveys a complete meaning and is the smallest meaning unit. the surface structure of a discourse is interpreted as a set of micropropositions. Some of the propositions are present in the surface structure and the others are inferred on the basis of prior knowledge, stored in long-term memory.

Proposition A girl in a yellow dress passed by. 1. A girl passed by. 2. She was wearing a dress. 3. The dress was yellow.

Propositions John went to the station. He bought a ticket, started running when he saw what time it was and was forced to conclude that his watch was wrong when he reached the platform.

Fast Translation Identifying the translation unit Identifying difficult sections and do research Finding the most appropriate solution May need to give up doing research in order to save time

Practice E – C

Presentation marking scheme Marking Criteria

1. Effective use of text Rule of 6: no more than 6 lines per slide or bulleted list, 6 words per line. Outline (key words) ONLY—not complete sentences. Minimum font size is 20 points, 32 for titles. Use a diversity of layouts

2. Effective use of animation Show transitions between each slide. Appropriate use of Animation to emphasize important points or convey concepts effectively without distracting from the overall talk. Don’t over do it.

3. Effective use of graphics A PowerPoint template or color scheme with a gradient background. Not black and white. Include slides containing some relevant graphic. Suggestions: a map illustrating the incidence worldwide, a graph of results of a study.

4. Effective presentation skills Speak to the audience, not the computer or the projection screen Be confident and at ease. Did not read talk. Speak at a reasonable rate, not too fast or slow. Speak clearly and audibly. Didn’t mumble. Speech audible from back of room. Use the time allotted effectively. Do not run short or over the allotted time.

5. Effective use of reference materials in preparation of talk Cite the resource on the slide in a footnote using a consistent style Include a list of references on your last slide. Include hyper links to authoritative web sites on the topic.

Good and bad examples https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S5c1susCPAE

Translation Presentation Address a topic or a question/problem – interesting opening Present with clear structures Use theories and examples to illustrate your reasoning – relevant theory Show your own understanding of the theory/example – vivid examples Summarize your presentation – strong conclusion