The Effect of the Industrial Revolution on Sport Current Issues in Sport

Learning Outcomes Understand the importance of the industrial revolution Be able to describe and/or explain the effect of the industrial revolution on Sport

The Industrial Revolution Why did it happen? 1770 and 1850 our economy changed Agriculture to Industrial Urbanisation Technological progresses which resulted in the development of factories Better transportation i.e. steam engines Life was difficult. Long working days which was hard labour

Brief Timeline Before the industrial revolution most places relied on manual labour, and had a farming based economy During the industrial revolution, technological developments meant that many places moved towards machine based manufacturing Technology also affected the development of transport. During the industrial revolution canals, improved roads and railways were developed

Continued.. This led to a boom in industry, encouraging more people to move to the fast growing towns and cities This was the first time that a vast number of people had been ‘employed’ as we understand the word today. It led to discussions on rights for workers, how their time should be allocated and how they should be treated This led to lots of changes in public health, working hours and pastimes Factory Act 1833, 1850 Education Act 1870

Sport and the IR Sports participation was promoted to ensure that workers were physically able to perform their jobs There were growing calls for new open spaces and funding of ‘healthy’ leisure pursuits. Personal fitness was highly publicised, and there was an emphasis on gymnastics and outdoor exercises This changed in 1863 with the creation of The Football Association (The FA).Several football clubs chose to withdraw from the FA because of two rules: the use of hands and tripping had been removed from public schools for the league

IR clubs It was the small industrial towns that had the most successful clubs. This occurred for one very important reason: The industrial revolution occurred here. Towns such as Manchester and Liverpool

**TASK** Watch the London Olympic opening ceremony Why did Danny Boyle involve the Industrial Revolution? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7QL_uG2GSZo Boyle emphasised that the Industrial Revolution was a key moment in history, giving birth to democratic movements, such as the Suffragettes and the demand for universal health care He told them: “It was monstrous but it changed lives. People, including myself, can read and write thanks to it. The workers of the Industrial Revolution built the cities that are now the settings for every Games” The Independent Newspaper

Positive effects? There was now a very clear distinction between work and leisure time The effect of the new, middle class, capitalist, factory owners was that sport and recreation had to be seen to have a purpose, to be competitive An interest in workers’ health and well being meant that Saturday afternoons developed as the regular time off, and some holiday time was allowed

Continued.. The influx of so many people from different places into the towns and cities meant that more general forms of sports, such as football, began to form. Women became involved in sports such as tennis, hockey and cycling because they came to be seen as more respectable and middle class As soon as sport began to become more organised in terms of playing it, spectatorship began to develop

Negative effects? The new regulated pattern of work meant that the traditional pattern of celebrating every religious festival could not continue The urbanisation (pattern of moving to towns and cities) of Britain destroyed the village community People living in towns didn’t have the access to vast amounts of open space as they used to The church began to lose its influence, power and importance in people’s lives

IR effects today? The traditional British kick-off time is 3pm. Why? Still considered to be a working class sport: “The World Cup (1966) wasn't won on the playing fields of England. It was won on the streets” Sir. Bobby Charlton By regulating football during the Industrial Revolution it also created a respect for laws, orders and submission to authority, whether these authorities are referees, employers, police or political leaders However, ‘Mob Football’ violence or hooliganism still occurs today Can you think of examples? Football Fight Club in Britian BBC Documentary 2014 HD