Rise and Fall of Roman Civilization Hello

Emblem of Roman Republic  senatus populusque Romanus The Senate and Roman People

Rome built great stuff Rome built great roads to travel on and aqueducts to bring water into the city. Rome also built great stadiums (Colosseum) and amphitheaters for the entertainment of the people. Romans also developed the use of the arch. Allowing to build to great heights Aqueducts provided fresh water for 100s of miles

“All Roads lead to Rome” 55,000 Miles of them

Roman Citizenship Romans had a strong sense of citizenship. Roman citizens were protected by Rome, but had a duty to participate in society and to make it better.

Rome was a Republic The Senate A republic is a form of government where people elect representatives. Equal Justice for all, Innocent until proven Guilty: All Roman concepts The United States has a representative government. We learned about this form of government from the Romans.

Roman Law and Rights Roman laws stressed fairness and common sense. There was equal treatment under the law in Rome and people were considered innocent until proved guilty when accused of a crime. We took much of our system of government from the Romans.

Roman Art More on art later or we did this already .

Rome’s first emperor Octavian is Rome’s first emperor. He took the name Augustus Caesar. Under his rule, Rome expanded and enjoyed Pax Romana a 200 year period of peace

The decline of Rome "The decline of Rome was the natural and inevitable effect of immoderate greatness...... The story of its ruin (downfall) is simple and obvious; and instead of inquiring why the Roman empire was destroyed, we should rather be surprised that it had subsisted so long." -Gibbon, History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

The slow decline……Rome wasn’t Sacked In A Day The Huns push groups such as the Goths and Visigoths, as they took over territory moving westward into Roman territory. These groups would be hired and fight for Rome. They wanted land But Rome would not give them any. Aleric and the Visigoths, Goths, sack Rome, AD 410 (Effect) Vandals invade Spain, north Africa, and sack Rome in AD 455 (Effect) 

Decline of Rome Empire Grew too large. Troops loyal to Generals not Rome Slavery put many out of work Tax problems could not support the roads, bridges and aqueducts from crumbling. Welfare bread and gladiator fights were given to stop rioting Bad Leadership: Insane emperors, corrupt generals, civil wars, and economic problems. Loss Morality and hard work - people became comfortable did not work hard Not dealing with the Germanic tribes (Goths, Vithogoths) who fought for Rome, but Rome would not give them land they wanted Constantine moving East. Divides Empire Brain Drain anyone who was anyone followed him Arrogance Once Great Still Great always Great

Rome Gets Sacked and sacked…. Battle of the Allia (the Hun) (390 ), by the Gauls under Brennus Sack of Rome (410), by the Visigoths under Alaric Sack of Rome (455), by the Vandals under Geiseric The Roman Empire officially fell in 476 AD. The last Emperor Romulus Augustulus‘ Odoacer captured the city of Ravenna and forced Romulus to abdicate on 4 September AD 476. Beginning of the Middle Ages

What happened when Rome Collapsed??? Let’s watch a movie to find out!

Barbarians at the gates Romans called the people who destroyed Rome Barbarians. Romans called anyone who didn’t speak Greek, even though the word barbarian actually means uncivilized, lacking in culture and violent. Very Ethnocentric!!!! The Roman Empire officially fell in 476 AD. The eastern part of the empire would survive for 1000 more years.

Constantine Rises to Power Constantine become emperor after defeating his enemy at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge “A cross appeared in the sky and he heard in Latin, "in this sign, you will conquer.“ This is why religiously he converted to Christianity. What might be a political reason

Byzantium The eastern part of the Roman Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire or Byzantium.

Constantine and Constantinople Constantinople was named for emperor Constantine. Constantine was important because he legalized Christianity in the empire. (see your notes) Under Constantine’s rule, Christianity spread greatly. Using Roman roads and trade routes He moved the capital of the empire from Rome to Constantinople. Major Migration of top people followed Constantine to Constantinople creating a brain drain in Rome

By by 320 Rome was old and in disrepair, Constantine moves capital to more vibrant trade and political location in the east.

Constantinople grows Constantinople became a leading center of trade. Trade helped the Byzantine Empire grow rich.

Justinian Justinian was the greatest of the Byzantine emperors. Justinian made many changes in the laws. His laws were called The Code of Justinian. Justinian also built many churches throughout the empire.

Disagreements between east and west Most of the people in the Byzantine Empire were Christian, but the people in the west and the people in the east disagreed about how to worship God. This led to a split in the Catholic Church. It was called a schism. A schism is a split. The Roman Catholic Church had a schism, splitting in half.

Two churches The church in the east was called Eastern Orthodox. The church in the west was called Roman Catholic.

Patriarch The leader of the church in Constantinople was called the Patriarch.

Pope The leader of the church in Rome was called the Pope.

Constantinople is captured The split in the church weakened the Byzantine Empire. In 1453, the Ottoman Turks captured Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire came to an end.

The Byzantine Empire preserves great stuff The Byzantine Empire preserved the art and literature of the Greeks and Romans. Without the Byzantine, the world may have lost great treasures of the past.