Energy in the Atmosphere

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Presentation transcript:

Energy in the Atmosphere Section 2 Atmospheric Heating Energy in the Atmosphere Radiation: Energy Transfer by Waves The Earth receives energy from the sun by radiation. Radiation is the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves. Conduction: Energy Transfer by Contact Thermal conduction is the transfer of thermal energy (heat) through objects that are in direct contact with each other. Convection: Energy Transfer by Circulation Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a fluid (liquid or gas.) Earth is 93 million miles from the sun. Energy from the sun takes approximately 8 minutes to reach earth traveling at 186,000 miles per seconds. Earth only receives about 2 billionths of the sun’s energy. End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Scattering, Absorption, and Reflection Section 2 Scattering, Absorption, and Reflection Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Radiation, Conduction, and Convection Section 2 Radiation, Conduction, and Convection RADIATION, CONVECTION AND CONDUCTION & THEIR ROLE IN HEAT TRANSFER IN THE ATMOSPHERE & OCEANS Radiation is transferred from the sun to the atmosphere and the Earth’s surface and oceans. At night when the Earth cools, it radiates heat back into the atmosphere and outer space. Convection currents are created by the heating of air & water. The fluids gain energy, move faster, become less dense and rise (water evaporates). As they move higher into the atmosphere, they cool, lose energy, become more dense and sink. Conduction plays a small part in heat transfer in the atmosphere and oceans. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Energy in the Atmosphere continued Section 2 Atmospheric Heating Energy in the Atmosphere continued The Greenhouse Effect and Life on Earth The greenhouse effect, shown on the next slide, is the process by which gases in the atmosphere absorb thermal energy and radiate it back to Earth. The Radiation Balance: Energy In, Energy Out The amount of energy Earth receives and the amount of energy returned to space must be approximately equal. Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming Some scientists think that an increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may be the cause of global warming, the gradual warming trend occurring on the planet. Human contributions to global warming include: Deforestation Auto Pollution Factory Pollution End of Slide Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

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