Meteors vs. Meteorites https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FB3pBYYprCs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYW_Xm-Jodc
The Moon (Luna)—satellite of Earth Period of rotation= 27 days, 9 hours Period of revolution= 27 days, 7 hours (!!) Diameter= 3,475 km (about ¼ Earth) Density= 3.34 g/cm3 (lower than Earth) Surface temperature= −170 to 134°C Surface gravity= 16% of Earth’s (WHY?) about 384,000 km away (took Apollo about 3 days to get there) Some moon rocks are as old as Earth
Features of the moon Craters—from meteorites Maria—dark, smooth areas Highlands--hills Rilles--cracks in the crust Pictures from Apollo
There are moonquakes. (seismographs left on moon)
No atmosphere (so no weather, so no erosion)
Observe images illustrating the impact theory of the moon's formation.
Gravity is 1/6th of Earth’s An average male adult weighs 1000 Newtons on Earth, so about how much does he weigh on the moon? 167 N Would his mass be higher or lower on the moon? the SAME
Moon Phases S U N
Examine the phases of the moon from Earth and space. …website animation… Examine the phases of the moon from Earth and space. Moon phases (as seen from earth and space) Animated moon phases
Solar Eclipse—partial vs total umbra penumbra 2 shadows
Observe a solar eclipse. …website animation… Observe a solar eclipse.
Lunar Eclipse ?? ?? Note: 5 degree tilt of the moon’s orbit makes it so we don’t have an eclipse every month
Observe a lunar eclipse. …website animation… Observe a lunar eclipse.
Review of Tides Spring Tide Neap Tide full and new moon highest tidal range Neap Tide first and 3rd quarter lowest tidal range High & Low tides happen twice a day Spring & Neap tides happen twice a month
On-line moon QUIZ Another on-line moon quiz
Questions: What moon phase is pictured below? (crescent, quarter, gibbous, new, or full) >>crescent
The diagram above shows different positions of the moon relative to Earth and the sun. In which phase will an observer on Earth see a crescent moon? >>phase C Phase B Phase C Phase A SUN Phase D
The position of what object is responsible for the moon’s phases? the moon, Earth, and sun About how long does it take the moon to complete one cycle of phases? one month (28 days)—one revolution of the moon around Earth How much of the moon’s surface can you see during a new moon phase? none
About how many days after a full moon will the last quarter (or third quarter) moon phase occur?
What phase of the moon would you see about 3 weeks after a new moon? After the NEW moon, which is the correct order of the moon phases? (choices: full moon, waxing cresent, waning gibbous) 1. waxing cresent 2. full moon 3. waning gibbous What phase of the moon would you see about 3 weeks after a new moon? last (or 3rd) quarter
During a lunar eclipse, which of the following takes place? a. The sun casts a shadow on the moon. b. Earth casts a shadow on the moon. c. The moon casts a shadow on Earth. d. The moon casts a shadow on the sun.
The phases of the moon are produced because the moon orbits the sun. is smaller that Earth. orbits Earth. produces its own light.
Which occurs LEAST frequently? Would there be a total solar eclipses if the moon were twice a far from Earth as it is? No (make a 2D model) Which occurs LEAST frequently? a. an eclipse of the moon b. an eclipse of the sun c. one rotation of Earth d. a full moon
If a full moon occurs on March 25, about when will the next full moon occur? April 24
Under what conditions will an eclipse take place? Only when the sun and Earth are directly lined up Only when the moon and Earth are directly lined up Only when the moon, the sun, and Earth are not directly lined up Only when the moon, the sun, and Earth are directly line up
What moon phase must the moon be in to allow for a lunar eclipse? Full How are the sun, Earth, and the moon positioned during a solar eclipse? S-m-E
Which of the following are caused by the moon? Eclipses Tides Phases All of the above
Although the moon is much smaller than the sun, it looks about the same size when viewed from Earth. What fact might account for this observation? the moon is closer to the Earth than the sun What phase must the moon be in to allow for a solar eclipse? new
Which of the following motions of Earth and the moon occurs in the longest amount of time? A. Earth orbits the sun once. B. The moon orbits Earth twice. C. Earth rotates on its axis five times. D. Ten full moons are seen from Earth.