WWII Aftermath and the beginning of the Cold War

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Presentation transcript:

WWII Aftermath and the beginning of the Cold War

War Crime Trials Allied leaders agreed to punish those responsible for “crimes against humanity” which occurred during WWII 22 surviving Nazi leaders were tried at the Nuremburg trials between 1945 & 1946 Several were executed and others imprisoned These trials showed that leaders could be held accountable for their wartime actions

The United Nations World War II resulted in the formation of a more powerful international body, called the United Nations Purpose: to provide a place to discuss world problems and develop solutions Makeup: General Assembly w/ representatives from all countries Security Council with 15 member nations (5 permanent)

Germany transformed Several changes to Germany were made: Army completely disbanded Nazi party outlawed Democracy and tolerance were promoted

East and West Germany Also, Germany was divided into two halves to be controlled by the Allied powers West: democratic and controlled by USA, England and France East: communist and controlled by the Soviet Union

A Divided Europe After WWII, Europe became sharply split between two halves – West and East This tension marks the beginning of the Cold War between the USA and Soviet Union West: democracy and free enterprise/governments East: communism and controlled by Stalin and the USSR

Two Superpowers With Germany and Japan defeated and England and France depleted after WWII, the United States and Soviet Union were by far the strongest nations in the world USA and USSR had great influence over other countries and dictated the direction the world would move in

The Cold War Begins Conflicts in ways of thinking and mutual distrust between the USA and USSR led to the Cold War A continuing state of tension and hostility between the USA and Soviet Union Called a “cold” war due to no armed battles between the superpowers

“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.” Sir Winston Churchill, 1946

ADD THIS!! The “Iron Curtain” was the western boundary of USSR control during the Cold War