The Settlement of the Chesapeake.

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The Settlement of the Chesapeake.

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Presentation transcript:

The Settlement of the Chesapeake

The London Company, 1606 Get rich quick!

Jamestown Settlement, 1609

Geographic/environmental problems?? Chesapeake Bay Geographic/environmental problems??

Jamestown Fort & Settlement (Computer Generated)

Jamestown Housing

Jamestown Settlement

Jamestown Chapel, 1611

Captain John Smith: The Right Man for the Job?? There was no talk…but dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load gold…

English Migration: 1610-1660

Jamestown Colonization Pattern: 1620-1660

River Settlement Pattern Social/Economic PROBLEMS??? Large plantations [>100 acres]. Widely spread apart [>5 miles]. Social/Economic PROBLEMS???

Why Was There Such High Mortality? POPULATION: 1607: 104 colonists By spring, 1608: 38 survived 1609: 300 more immigrants By spring, 1610: 60 survived 1610 – 1624: 10,000 immigrants 1624 population: 1,200 Adult life expectancy: 40 years Death of children before age 5: 80%

Widowarchy High mortality among husbands and fathers left many women in the Chesapeake colonies with unusual autonomy and wealth!

What finally made the colony prosperous?? John Rolfe What finally made the colony prosperous??

Tobacco Plant Virginia’s gold and silver. -- John Rolfe, 1612

Early Colonial Tobacco 1618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco. 1622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco. 1627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco. 1629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.

Tobacco Prices: 1618-1710

Indentured Servitude Headright System

Indentured Servitude Headright System: Indenture Contract: Each Virginian got 50 acres for each person whose passage they paid Indenture Contract: 5-7 years. Promised “freedom dues” [land, $] Forbidden to marry. 1610-1614: only 1 in 10 outlived their indentured contracts!

Richard Frethorne’s 1623 Letter In-Class Activity: Identify the FACTS presented in your section of the document. Be skepticalIs there any obvious bias/POV? What conclusions can you draw from the facts presented? Anticipate a problem/future issue? See any historical relationships between past events or future ones?

Chief Powhatan

Pocahontas A 1616 engraving

Powhatan Confederacy

Powhatan Indian Village

Indian Foods

Powhatan Uprising of 1622

Why was 1619 a pivotal year for the Chesapeake settlement?

Virginia House of Burgesses

17c Population in the Chesapeake

Population of Chesapeake Colonies: 1610-1750

Colonization of Maryland

George Calvert, Lord Baltimore

Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676 Governor William Berkeley

Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676

Governor Berkeley’s “Fault Line”