Warm Up # 31 What is the most effective way to persuade someone to do something that you want?

Short Answer Question Why was the Cold War an Ideological Conflict? How did this conflict play out? Please use historical examples to support your answer.

Response # 1 The USA and USSR never fought between each other because of M.A.D. They fought with proxy war and gave each countries money and weapons to fight the war for them this ended in USSR government to fall apart.

Response # 2 it was ideological because it was fought over the ideas of communism and capitalism. the way it played out is a lot of proxy wars because the US and USSR were too scared of M.A.D to fight each other. so then the two big powers of the world having other countries fight other

Response # 3 The cold war was an ideological conflict because it was a conflict of ideas, meaning the US thought that capitalism is the best form of government and wanted it to be the main form of government where as the USSR wanted communism to be the main form of government leading to a conflict of ideas (ideological conflict). The only problem was that we couldn't attack them directly because of M.A.D, meaning Mutually Assured Destruction. Meaning that if we attacked them, they would launch their nuclear missiles to kill us then we would launch our nuclear missiles to kill them, ending up where neither side wins and everyone dies. The only way to fight without the fear of M.A.D was to fight using allies of either side to attack each other also known as a proxy war. This conflict between ideals didn't end well for the USSR because they ended up crumbling because their people didn't like that form of government and that government was frustrated from always losing resources.

Civil Disobedience is here Independence in India Civil Disobedience is here

British Colonial Map

Life Under Colonial Rule India was ruled first by British East India Company, then by the British Government Profit was the goal: Silk, Salt, Wheat, Spices Discrimination Disrespected Hindu culture Direct Rule Some improvements: roads, trains, schools, healthcare

WWI changes the Game Great Britain weakened by the conflict and cannot maintain colonial grip Indian soldiers needed to fight Limited self government granted

Gandhi Trailer

Here Comes Gandhi Gandhi’s Background From an upper class Indian family Goes to England to study law Treated well and sea s tolerant society Lives in South Africa Practices law there Experiences segregation (Apartheid) and oppression by British Becomes an advocate for Indians there Develops and practices peaceful resistance plan 1915 Mohandas K. Gandhi becomes active in the INC (Indian National Congress)

Satyagraha Method of peaceful protest marked by self- suffering Means “soul force” Combines Hindu, Christian, and secular ideas. “Satyagraha… is a method of securing rights by personal suffering; it is the reverse of resistance by arms. When I refuse to da a thing that is repugnant to my conscience I use Satyagraha… If by using violence I force the Government to repeal a law, I am employing what may be termed as body-force. If I do not obey the law and accept the penalty for its breach, I use soul force. It involves a sacrifice of self.”

Satyagraha as a Means for Achieving Independence PG. 20

Vocab Ascetic – Severe, Self –Discipline, strict Austerities. – Extreme Plainness, simple life

Warm Up # 32 What is “Satyagraha” and how might it be an affective way to persuade someone?

Gandhi Returns to India INC numbers grow under Gandhi’s leadership Preached an end to Caste System and racial oppression Drew both poor and rich Stressed unity among Hindus and Muslims Lead peaceful protests of government buildings

1919 - Amritsar Massacre British General orders troops to fire on unarmed protesters in Amritsar, India 379 unarmed Indians killed, 1137 injured Gandhi order INC not to respond with violence

Gandhi’s Speech to the INC

The Movement Gains Strength 1920’s and 30’s – The independence movement gains global support Gandhi given the name Mahatma = Great Soul Ascetic – simple, pure life Seen as a Hindu holy man Gains more fame when thrown in jail Tolerates all religions Lives with Untouchables

A Pinch of Salt Makes a Big Difference 1929 – Great Salt March British taxed salt – effected all Indians Gandhi and 50,000 walked to the Indian Ocean and made their own Against the law Protesters arrested, but jails could not hold them all

Talk about Soul Force British would not repeal the tax, so Gandhi orders a general work stoppage Without Indian workers and soldiers, the country came to a halt Gandhi arrested again Gandhi imprisoned again, goes on a hunger strike Gets global attention British look terrible!!! Gandhi encourages a boycott of all British goods Made own clothes Spinning wheel becomes his symbol Wants all to move to communal farms

Great Salt March Clips

Victory!!! Gandhi is a Global Hero 1931 – Gandhi is invited to London for negotiations 1935 – some British reforms are made 1939 - WWII begins Gandhi encourages Indians to be pacifist and refuse to fight Thrown in jail (again) British too distracted by the war to maintain control 1947 – British leave India 1948 - Gandhi killed Assassinated by a Hindu who was upset by Gandhi's acceptance of Muslims

Crash course: Peaceful Protest (if time)