Mrs. Bryant’s 6th Grade Science

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Presentation transcript:

Mrs. Bryant’s 6th Grade Science Notes 1-3 Acceleration Mrs. Bryant’s 6th Grade Science

Acceleration in Science Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes.

Acceleration in Science Recall that velocity has two components: Direction Speed

Acceleration in Science In science, acceleration refers to increasing speed, decreasing speed, or changing direction.

Increasing Speed Any time the speed of an object increases, the object experiences acceleration.

Decreasing Speed A decrease in speed is sometimes called deceleration, or negative acceleration.

Changing Direction An object that is changing direction is also accelerating, even if it is moving at a constant speed.

Changing Direction A car moving around a curve or changing lanes at a constant speed is accelerating because it is changing direction.

Changing Direction Many object continuously change direction without changing speed. The moon accelerates because it is continuously changing direction as it revolves around the Earth.

Calculating Acceleration Acceleration describes the rate at which velocity changes.

Calculating Acceleration To determine the acceleration of an object, you must calculate the change in velocity during each unit of time.

Calculating Acceleration Acceleration Formula: Acceleration = Final Velocity – Initial Velocity Time

Calculating Acceleration If velocity is measured in meters/second and time is measured in seconds, the unit of acceleration is meters per second per second, which is written as m/s2

Calculating Acceleration If the acceleration varies, however, only the average acceleration can be calculated.

Calculating Acceleration For an object moving without changing direction, the acceleration is the change in its speed during one unit of time.

Graphing Acceleration When a graph shows speed versus time as a straight line, the acceleration is constant.

Graphing Acceleration If an object is accelerated by a different amount each time period, a graph of its acceleration will not be a straight line. A graph of distance versus time for an accelerating object is curved.