Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 89 Topic: 15 Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 89 Topic: 15.2 Structure of the Heart Essential Questions: NO EQ  15.2 Structure of the Heart 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

Pericardial Membranes

Pericardial Membranes Pericardium: or pericardial sac, is a covering that encloses the heart Consists of : 1. fibrous pericardium: tough, outer bag that protects the heart and is attached to the diaphragm and sternum 2. Parietal pericardium: inner lining of fibrous pericardium 3. Pericardial cavity: contains fluid that reduces friction between the pericardial membranes as the heart moves within them 4. Visceral pericardium: innermost layer that covers the heart

Pericarditis (peri-car-die-tis): An inflammation of the pericardium due to viral or bacterial infection Adhesions attach the layers of the pericardium Interferes with heart movement Very painful

Pericarditis (2m18s) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eCbF9G2qt80

Wall of the Heart The wall of the heart is made up of three layers: The epicardium: protects the heart by reducing friction The myocardium: thick layer, largely consisting of the cardiac muscle tissue that pumps blood out of the heart chambers The endocardium: lines all of the heart chambers and covers the structures, such as the heart valves, that project into them for protection 2. 3. 1.

Heart Chambers The heart is divided into four chambers. Two on the left and two on the right. Atria: The upper chambers, have thin walls, receive blood returning to the heart Ventricles: The lower chambers that force the blood out of the heart into arteries

Your Table will need 13 colors

Parts of the Heart Pg. 88 You will color code your heart picture as well as your notes on pg. 88

Heart Chambers Superior vena cava & Inferior vena cava: return oxygen-poor blood from the body to the heart Right Atrium chamber that pumps blood toward right ventricle

Tricuspid valve Prevents blood from back flowing into right atrium Right Ventricle chamber that pumps blood toward lungs

Pulmonary Valve prevents backflow of blood into right ventricle Left and Right Pulmonary Arteries arteries take oxygen-poor blood to the lungs

Four Pulmonary veins (two from the right lung two from the left) send oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the Left Atrium Left Atrium chamber that pumps blood toward left ventricle Bicuspid valve Prevents backflow of blood into left atrium

Left Ventricle receives blood from the left atrium Aortic Valve: prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle Aorta: large artery that distributes oxygen-rich blood to all other parts of the body

Heart Chambers (1m) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JA0Wb3gc4mE

Heart Sounds

The heartbeat consists of two contractions. 1) Sinoatrial (SA) node, or pacemaker, stimulates atria to contract LUB 2) Atrioventricular (AV) node stimulates ventricles to contract DUB Lub-dub SA node VA node

Heart Murmur – abnormal heart sound

Heart Murmur http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lBem-n6qSps

The Circulatory System and the Heart 2m30s