Respiratory System

Function of the Respiratory System Respiration = Exchange of gases in the lungs Inhalation of Oxygen Exhalation of Carbon Dioxide

Breathing Process The breathing process is controlled by the actions of muscles in your ribs and chest. Inhalation – When you inhale, or breathe in, rib muscles pull the ribs up and out. At the same time the diaphragm muscle flattens. The chest cavity enlarges, the volume of the lungs increases and air flows in. Exhalation – When you exhale, or breath out, the diaphragm moves upward. The rib muscles relax and the ribs drop. The chest cavity gets smaller and squeezes air from the lungs.

Gas Exchange: Oxygen is inhaled into lungs. Passes over the capillaries in the lungs where red blood cells pick up the oxygen. Carbon Dioxide passes from the blood cells ready to be exhaled. Inhaled oxygen goes back to the heart

Parts of the respiratory system: Nose – Cartilage and bone covered in skin. Nostrils – one location air enters. Nasal Cavity – lined with cilia to help filter foreign debris out. Larynx – Voice box (vibrates when air passes through which makes sound). Trachea – known as the windpipe and serves as a passage way to the bronchi. Bronchi – Two tubes the trachea branches into. Lungs – Primary organs of the respiratory system

R E S P I A T O Y YSTEM

The path of air through the lungs Air moves into the lungs through the bronchi In the lungs, the bronchi branch out into smaller and smaller tubes Then the air finally moves into sacs at the ends of the bronchioles, which are called alveoli Alveoli is where the gas exchange occurs in the lungs.

Keeping Your Respiratory System Healthy Avoid smoking and air pollution – smoking and air pollution can lead to serious respiratory disorders. Wear a mask when working with fumes or dust and work in a well ventilated area. Check air quality before exercising outdoors. Avoid respiratory infections – infections can cause the bronchi to become inflamed which causes the membranes to secrete a lot of mucus in your lungs. Get regular exercise – exercise helps your lungs become more efficient at taking in oxygen and eliminating CO2. Maintain a healthy weight – if you are overweight your respiratory system has to work harder to get enough oxygen to your muscles and organs.

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