Sviluppi sui bersagli di produzione e fasci esotici 30/01/2018 Sviluppi sui bersagli di produzione e fasci esotici previsti Alberto Andrighetto LNL-INFN Roma 31 gennaio 2012

ISOL facility scheme 30/01/2018 Breeder

The SPES TIS complex 30/01/2018 ILine= 200A ITarget= 700A

The TIS SPES Laboratories 30/01/2018 The TIS SPES Laboratories HT LNL Lab Test Bench LNL Lab UCx Chemistry PADOVA Lab Carbide Chemistry LNL Lab Laser PAVIA Lab

Main fission (p-> 238U) fragments SPES n-rich RIB’s (3 ionization methods, 2 Ion source devices) 30/01/2018 Surface Ion source Elements with bad volatility (NOT EXTRACTED) Surface Ionization Method 1 2 H He 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 Li Be B C N O F Ne 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn 87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt 8 Laser beam Laser with SIS Photo Ionization Method Plasma Ionization Method Plasma Ion source Main fission (p-> 238U) fragments

Most Intense isotope (1/s) 30/01/2018 SPES Expected neutron rich beams Element Mass Most Intense isotope (1/s) Ioniz. Eff (%) Target Ionization method R&D (difficulty) Ni 65-69 10+6 6 UCx LIS ** Cu 66-76 7 Zn 72-79 5 Ga 72-84 20 Ge 75-84 10+7 3 *** Kr 85-93 30 FEBIAD Rb 86-94 10+9 65 SIS * Sr 89-96 10+8 SIS+LIS Y 90-97 **** Pd 111-118 Ag 110-120 14 Cd 115-124 10 In 116-128 15 Sn 123-134 Sb 124-135 Te 129-138 Xe 137-142 Cs 134-144 85 Ba 139-146 La 141-145

On-Line Target and Ion Source Testing Facility HRIBF: On-Line Target and Ion Source Testing Facility (low intensity (<50 nA) tests of RIB production targets) 30/01/2018 Beam from Tandem Accelerator Target / Ion Source Beam Diagnostics Dipole Magnet M/DM = 2000 Moving Tape System and g-ray Detector

On line UCx test at HRIBF 30/01/2018 Tested on-line @ HRIBF in March 2010 Seven UC2 samples SPES Target Group (in collaboration with HRIBF) Densities in the range of 4.2 g/cm3 Used the SPES design where the targets are spaced out to allow for enhanced radiation to the walls of the container Heated to 2000° C for about two weeks without any out-gassing or obvious change in structure (samples observed after the on-line test) Mean r = 4g/cm3 7 UCx pellets of 13 mm. diameter

30/01/2018 SPES UCx prototype n-rich isotope yields

New target for 2nd HRIBF test 30/01/2018 Mean r = 2.5g/cm3 SPES UCx-CNT for ORNL : on line test performed on October ‘11

Preliminary results – UCX-CNT Data analysis in progress Isotopes collected in the Tape System with target at 2000°C Data analysis in progress

New target for 3nd HRIBF test 30/01/2018 New production 6 g/cm³ (MD) UCX targets Production process: 1)“Standard” carbothermal reduction synthesis→~4 g/cm³ 2) Grinding and re‐pressing of the powders→ to be done 3) Re-sintering of the pellets →to be done First prototype sample produced with density ~ 6.2 g/cm³ Mean r = 6g/cm3 SPES UCx-MD for ORNL : on line test planned for April ‘12

Proton-rich beams for SPES-α 30/01/2018 Proton-rich beams for SPES-α 1 H 2 He 3 Li 4 Be 5 B 6 C 7 N 8 O 9 F 10 Ne 11 Na 12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P 16 S 17 Cl 18 Ar 19 K 20 Ca 21 Sc 22 Ti 23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn 26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni 29 Cu 30 Zn 31 Ga 32 Ge 33 As 34 Se 35 Br 36 Kr 37 Rb 38 Sr 39 Y 40 Zr 41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc 44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd 47 Ag 48 Cd 49 In 50 Sn 51 Sb 52 Te 53 I 54 Xe 55 Cs 56 Ba 72 Hf 73 Ta 74 W 75 Re 76 Os 77 Ir 78 Pt 79 Au 80 Hg 81 Tl 82 Pb 83 Bi 84 Po 85 At 86 Rn 87 Fr 88 Ra 57 La 58 Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd 61 Pm 62 Sm 63 Eu 64 Gd 65 66 Dy 67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm 70 Yb 71 Lu 89 Ac 90 Th 91 Pa 92 U 93 Np 94 Pu 95 Am 96 Cm 97 Bk 98 Cf 99 Es 100 Fm 101 Md 102 No 103 Lr Alkaline - Alkaline earth metals Post-transition elements Halogens Noble gases Transition metals Lanthanides

SiC , B4C & oxides Target SiC (Saint Gobain) Boron Carbide 30/01/2018 Elemento A Half Life Target dedicati Ionizzazione Na 21 22.48 s Al2O3 – SiC - CeS SIS 22 2.6 a Mg 3.86 s LIS-FEBIAD 23 11.3 s Al 24 2.05 s SiC - CeS SIS-LIS 25 7.18 s 26 6.35 s P 29 4.1 s FEBIAD 28Si(p,a)25Al 28Si(p,2pn)26Al Boron Carbide Elemento A Half Life Target dedicati Ionizzazione Be 7 53.29 d B4C - Ossidi LIS-FEBIAD F 17 64.8 s ZrO2 – HfO2 FEBIAD 18 109.7 m Al2O3 Si 26 2.21 s Al2O3 - CeS 27 4.16 s

LaCx &TaC target LaCx TaC foam Ta2O5 + 7C → 2TaC + 5CO 30/01/2018 LaCx &TaC target Elemento A Half Life Target dedicati Ionizzazione I 126 13.11d LaCx - CeS FEBIAD Xe 127 36.4 d CeS Cs 129 32 h SIS 130 29.2 m 131 9.69 d 132 6.47 d Ba 11.5 d LaCx La2O3 + 11C → 2LaC2 + 4C + 3CO Elemento A Half Life Target dedicati Ionizzazione Ho 164 29 m TaC SIS Tm 168 93.1 d Yb 169 32 d Lu 172 6.7 d 173 1.37 a 174 3.31 a Hf 23.6 h FEBIAD TaC foam Ta2O5 + 7C → 2TaC + 5CO

Lanthanum carbide synthesis High vacuum, high temperature furnace (up to 2100°C, 10-6 mbar)

30/01/2018 The SPES 1+ Ion Sources SPES SIS & LIS SPES PIS

Ionization measurements Front end running since June ‘10 30/01/2018 Front end running since June ‘10 Beam diagnostic devices Beam transport devices Traget & Ion source (platform 30kV)

Mass marker capillarity technique SPES Ion Sources 30/01/2018 Surface Ion Source: Mass marker capillarity technique

Cesium Surface Ionization SPES SIS Ion Source 30/01/2018 Calibrated solution of CsNO3 Solution drying Insertion in the tube Tantalum substrate Cesium Surface Ionization

New SIS (Ta hot-cavity) 30/01/2018 The new SPES Surface Ion Source Old SIS (W hot-cavity) New SIS (Ta hot-cavity)

Calibrated leak gas inlet technique SPES Ion Sources 30/01/2018 Plasma Ion Source: Calibrated leak gas inlet technique

SPES PIS Ion Source 30/01/2018 Argon Ionization

R&D for the SPES Plasma Ion Source 30/01/2018 R&D for the SPES Plasma Ion Source PIC numerical simulation of the ion beam extraction for the Plasma ion source

Laser test at LNL with excimer Aluminum ionization with a single wavelength 30/01/2018 LPX200 XeCl excimer laser Pulse. 15 ns λ=308 nm Al photo ionization Laser beam Phosphorescence of λ=308 nm on Teflon The laser beam shape is focalized into hot cavity of 3 mm. diameter and 6 m. far away

Aluminium photo-ionization First ionization results (Current collected into the Faraday Cup ) Laser off Laser On

(About 26 contributions since 2005) 30/01/2018 SPES Target papers (About 26 contributions since 2005)

Thanks for your attention! 30/01/2018 The SPES-TIS group Thanks for your attention!