TIC-TAC-TOE Review Game Water Pollution TIC-TAC-TOE Review Game

Directions: You and your partner select 9 vocabulary terms from the list below and write them in the Tic-Tac-Toe boxes. Point Source Phosphate (PO43¯) Dead Zone Nitrate (NO3¯) Infectious Agents Indicator species Nonpoint Source Thermal Eutrophication Biomagnification Heavy Metals Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)

Phosphate (PO43¯) This nutrient is needed for plants to build nucleic acids (DNA)

Indicator species A species that indicates the whether or not disease-causing pathogens are likely present in a body of water

Point Source any single identifiable source of pollution from which pollutants are discharged

Biomagnification The increase of a chemical concentration in animal tissues as the chemical moves up the food chain

Nonpoint Source

Eutrophication

BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) The amount of oxygen a quantity of water uses over a period of time at specific temperatures

Heavy Metals Cause cancer, disrupt immune system and some act as endocrine disruptors

Infectious agents Cause disease

Dead Zone An area with an extremely low level of oxygen concentration and very little life

Point Source

Phosphate (PO43¯) This nutrient is insoluble in water; it is only returned to land through guano

Biomagnification Fat soluble chemicals; examples include: DDT Hg (Mercury) PCBs Agent orange

Indicator species Fecal coliform bacteria are generally harmless and live in the intestines of humans and other animals. Tests can be preformed to determine if a body of water has potentially been contaminated with sewage

Nonpoint Source Examples include the following: 1.) Sediments from nearby land 2.) Bacteria and microorganisms 3.) Nutrients (from fertilizers and yard debris) and pesticides from agricultural areas, golf courses, athletic fields and residential yards 4.) Oil, grease, antifreeze washed from roads, parking lots and driveways 5.) Toxic chemicals and cleaners 6.) Litter

Eutrophication The process by which a body of water acquires a high concentration of nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates. These typically promote excessive growth of algae.

Heavy Metals Examples include: Lead Mercury Arsenic

Infectious agents Bacteria Viruses Protists Parasites

Dead Zone Zone of Hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico

Nitrate (NO3¯) This nutrient is needed by plants to build proteins and nucleic acid (DNA)

BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) Low values indicate that a body of water is less polluted by wastewater and higher values indicate that a body of water is more polluted by wastewater

Point Source Examples include: discharges from wastewater treatment plants operational wastes from industries combined sewer outfalls

Nonpoint Source does not come from a specific source. Instead, it originates from many places, or from a widespread area.

Eutrophication Remediation includes: Removal of excess weeds Pumping oxygen into the water Using herbicides and algaecides go control unwanted populations Preventing excess nutrients from entering waterways Removing nitrates and phosphates from wastewater in advanced treatment plants

Infectious agents The only sources: Human waste (sewage runoff) Animal waste

Heavy Metals Major sources include: Unlined landfills Household chemicals Mining refuse Industrial discharge

Indicator species Because of their thin skin, amphibians absorb many pollutants in their aquatic environment. The health of amphibians usually means the aquatic ecosystem is also healthy and free of pollutants

BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) The point marked “X” on the graph indicates the body of water has a high level of X

Phosphate (PO43¯) or Nitrate (NO3¯) This nutrient is considered to be a limiting factor to aquatic plants

Biomagnification