Author: Andrea Hanušová Modes of transport

Air transport - Aviation Mode of transport Division Air transport - Aviation Land transport - Rail Land transport - Road Cable transport Land transport - Ship Space transport Pipeline transport Future transport Content

Glossary Incur - způsobit, přivodit, zapříčinit Conveyance - dopravní prostředek, přeprava Bulk cargo – objemný náklad Perishable – rychle se kazící, netrvanlivé zboží Crude oil – surová ropa Glossary

Transport General Modes of transport Elements The movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another A key component of economic growth and globalization Modes of transport Elements Air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline and space Infrastructure, vehicles and operations

Transport Passenger transport Negative effects Public - operators provide scheduled services Private Negative effects Air, water and soil pollution Large amounts of land Noise and vibration Waste production…

Mode of transport Different ways to perform transport Each mode of transport: has fundamentally different technological solution some require a separate environment has its own infrastructure, vehicles and operations often has unique regulations has its own advantage and disadvantage

Mode of transport Suitable choice depends on: cost capability route speed Intermodal/multimodal transport using more then one mode

Division Mode of transport Aviation Land transport Other modes Rail Road Ship Other modes Pipelines Cable transport Space transport

Division Mode of transport Human-powered Animal-powered Sometimes regarded as their own mode Normally also fall into the other categories

Air transport - Aviation Quick transport of people and limited amounts of cargo over longer distances The basic elements of the system: aircraft (airplane, helicopter, satellites) air route (airport, air traffic services, airspace) Is characterized by relative high safety Experience the fastest growth Incur high costs & energy use Greater dependence on weather Causes air & noise pollution

Land transport - Rail Conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail track A train consist of : a railway carriage (one or more connected vehicles) a locomotive (steam, diesel or electric) Transportation of heavy & bulk cargo Suitability for medium & long-distance High reliability of supply Lower energy consumption than road transport More environmentally friendly than road & air transport Reduced room for manoeuvre

Land transport - Road The set of activities that ensures passengers and goods transportation by way of wheeled vehicles usually on roads or paved roads Users of road: car bus truck motorcycle trolley bicycle pedestrians Lowest transit time (especially for short distances) Dense network of road infrastructure The main source of noise & air pollution in cities Flexibility - vehicle may be sent at any time to meet the transport task

Land transport - Ship Movement by means of a watercraft carrying people (passengers) or goods (cargo) A watercraft include (a basic division): a barge a boat a ship a sailboat Highly effective method of transporting large quantities of non-perishable goods Less costly than air transport for transcontinental shipping Less speed Lower energy consumption than road transport More environmentally friendly than road & air transport

Pipeline transport The transportation of goods through a pipe Most commonly, liquids and gases are sent As for gases and liquids, any chemically stable substance can be sent through a pipeline The most valuable are those transporting crude oil and refined oil product including fuels: oil natural gas biofuels High reliability & safety of deliveries High input costs of implementing management

Cable transport Mode where vehicles are pulled cables instead of an internal power supply It is most commonly used in a steep climb Typical solutions: cable car elevator escalator ski lift Transportation of loads in inaccessible terrain High initial investment

Space transport Transport out of Earth's atmosphere into outer space by means of a spacecraft While large amounts of research have gone into technology, it is rarely used, except: putting satellites into orbit conducting scientific experiments Probes have been sent to all the planets of the Solar System However, man has landed on the moon ;o)

Future transport Next (future) mode of transport Developed by Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (Space X) by Elon Musk The high speed tranportation of passengers and goods in tubes (in low pressure environment) in which capsules are propelled by linear induction motors and air compressors Hyperloop concept - published in 2013, the first tests of the scale model occurred in May 2016 Elimination of emissions, noise, delay, weather concerns

Unique modes…

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