ICOS and the GEO-C Initiative An overview Dr ICOS and the GEO-C Initiative An overview Dr. Emmanuel SALMON International Cooperation Officer Sunyani, Ghana 15.6.2017

The Paris Agreement requires actions „in accordance with best available science“ Science should be able to: provide a global picture, provide regional information on specific verification questions increase quality of inventories, be problem-oriented, answer specific questions (e.g. urban fluxes or agricultural practices), contribute to adaptation, support developing countries, avoid doubling efforts.

security of all partners Vision of ICOS All important parameters State-of-the-art techniques Representative networks Relevant data products Optimum data streams Long-term financial security of all partners A community to produce higher-level output ICOS ERIC HO, Helsinki, Finland | ES | 2nd AfriGEOSS Symposium | Sunyani, Ghana,15.6.2017

ICOS member countries and measurement stations 2017 More than hundred measurement stations: 71 Ecosystem stations; 33 Atmosphere stations; 21 Ocean stations 12 signature countries and more joining in... : Perspectives to become members: Poland, Ireland, Estonia, Portugal, Spain, Hungary, Greece, South Africa JRC as a third party in 2017, bringing in two statios

ICOS is built on long-term scientific cooperation AEROCARB CarboAge COCOS The global carbon cycle and its pertubation IBP Man and Biosphere CarboMont Integrated Carbon Observation System (European Research Infrastructure) IMECC 2010 2005 2000 1995 2020 2015 1990 1985 CarboEurope IP Euroflux Carbo Europe Cluster ICOS PP German Ecosystem Research Centres Medeflu CarboOcean IP GHG Europe IP Atmosphere Terrestrial Ecosystems Oceans InGoS CHIOTTO TACOS ESCOBA CAVASSOO ANIMATE TENATSO SOPRAN I/II CarboChange

Operational Structure of ICOS ICOS ERIC (Legal Entity) Coordination and Data Units HO Carbon Portal Central Analytical Laboratories Ocean Thematic Centre Atmosphere Thematic Centre Ecosystem Thematic Centre National Station Networks Ecosystem Atmosphere Ocean Operational units for the three domains

The GEO Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Initiative The aim is to support the development of an independent, global observation system for monitoring changes in the carbon cycle and GHG emissions as they relate to human activities and climate change, to disseminate comprehensive data for scientists, and to provide decision-makers with timely and reliable policy-relevant information, recommendations, and services. Foundational elements: openness and inclusiveness not a new level, but facilitate cooperation, ensure sustainability integration & interoperability capacity-building be global!

Activities of GEO-C 1 2 3 4 Task 1 – User needs and policy interface to engage with users and policy-makers and ensure the consistency with their evolving needs Task 2 – Data access and availability to provide long-term, high-quality and open access near-real-time data and data products, complying with GEOSS principles Task 3 – Optimization of observational networks to develop and implement a procedure for observations of “ECCV” (essential carbon cycle variables) within user-defined specifications and at minimum total cost. Task 4 – Budget calculations and breakdown across scales To develop consistent budgets of GHGs (CO2, CH4, and N2O) across scales using a combination of observations, inventories, models… 1 2 3 4

From Observation to Decision Communication SBSTA 1 Observation Service Knowledge Decision Policy interface Data sharing & management (incl. metadata) From data to knowledge Model-Data fusion projects 2 3 4 Data harmonization, inter-operability, accessibility Data citation Observational gaps Sustainability Capacity-building

Structure of the SEACRIFOG project

Our direct stakeholders Government Application by good governance Knowledge Scientist Farmer Doctor Entrepreneur Knowledge application

Focus The focus of the project is a design study to develop a concept for a pan-African observational system on radiative forcing (GHG and aerosols) taking into account: Land use, land-use change and climate-smart agriculture Making allowance for future trajectories in transport and electricity (industry?)… Oceanic sources and sinks Uncertainties in fluxes (e.g. GPP) National reporting demands in the UNFCCC framework Sustainablel Development Goals A concept for data access and interoperability Food security Climate Smart Agriculture Bioenergy GHG

Emmanuel.Salmon Werner.Kutsch Eija.Juurola Jouni.Heiskanen @icos-ri.eu Thank you! Kiitos! Me daa si!