Learning type: Acquisition Learning through acquisition is what learners are doing when they are listening to a lecture or podcast, reading from books or websites, and watching demos or videos @ABC_LD

Learning type: Collaboration Learning through collaboration embraces mainly discussion, practice, and production. Building on investigations and acquisition it is about taking part in the process of knowledge building itself @ABC_LD

Learning type: Acquisition Reading books, papers; Delivered - presented with information article reading digital documents, websites and resources watching video/animation listening to podcast, webcast Reading Description Post step discussion point Learning time

Learning type: Collaboration Reading books, papers; Networked - interact with networks of peers ‘like’ comments and ‘follow’ other learners building a joint digital output small group projects using online forums, wikis, chat rooms, etc. for discussing others’ outputs Conversational - converse with others, comments linked with each step Collaborative - construct shared understanding. Discussion step to explore learners’ perspectives and experiences Reading Description Post step discussion point Learning time

Learning type: Discussion Learning through discussion requires the learner to articulate their ideas and questions, and to challenge and respond to the ideas and questions from the teacher, and/or from their peers @ABC_LD

Learning type: Investigation Learning through investigation guides the learner to explore, compare and critique the texts, documents and resources that reflect the concepts and ideas being taught @ABC_LD

Learning type: Discussion Reading books, papers; Reflective - reflect on activities. Discussion to review previous steps sharing experience, applying concepts to experience or examples, interacting with others synchronous and asynchronous seminars discussion forums and groups web-conferencing tools online tutorials Reading Description Post step discussion point Learning time

Learning type: Investigation in Browsing - seek and collate informationand resources; Using conventional methods to collect Comparing texts, searching and evaluating information and ideas. Browsing - seek and collate information using online advice and guidance Inquiry-driven - investigate authentic situations comparing and analysing the ideas and information in a range of digital resources Problem-solving - solve problems or answer big questions using digital tools to collect and analyse data and searching and evaluating information and ideas Case-based - investigate individual cases Reading Description Post step discussion point Learning time

Learning type: Practice Learning through practice enables the learner to adapt their actions to the task goal, and use the feedback to improve their next action. Feedback may come from self-reflection, from peers, from the teacher, or from the activity itself, if it shows them how to improve the result of their action in relation to the goal @ABC_LD

Learning type: Production Learning through production is the way the teacher motivates the learner to consolidate what they have learned by articulating their current conceptual understanding and how they used it in practice @ABC_LD

Learning type: Practice Reading books, papers; Simulation - interact with a simulated world Cross-context - learn across physical or social settings Game-based - engage with game environments using models simulations virtual labs and field trips online role play activities quiz Reading Description Post step discussion point Learning time

Learning type: Production Reading books, papers; Construction - design and make artefacts Performative - present for an audience Reflective - reflect on activities Discussion to review previous steps Assessing - learn by receiving constructive feedback (Peer review step) producing and storing digital documents, resources, photos, videos, animations, blogs, e-portfolios representations of designs performances, artefacts models Reading Description Post step discussion point Learning time

ABC curriculum design The ABC Learning Design is built on curriculum design research from the JISC* (Viewpoints) and work of Prof Diana Laurillard, UCL IoE ** (learning types) and is adapted for design of programmes, modules, short courses and MOOCs at UCL @ABC_LD http://blogs.ucl.ac.uk/abc-ld @UCLDigiEd UCL Digital Education               This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License Please let us know if you are using the ABC resources and/or would like to be part of ABC community n.perovic@ucl.ac.uk and c.l.p.young@ucl.ac.uk * Viewpoints project (2008-2013), **Laurillard, D. (2012). Teaching as a Design Science: Building Pedagogical Patterns for Learning and Technology. New York and London: Routledge.