Immigration & Ethno-cultural Statistics Statistics Canada Calgary & Edmonton, Alberta December 10 & 11, 2003

Increasing focus on immigration & cultural diversity Increasingly important component of total population growth as well as labour force growth Continuing cultural diversity, particularly in large urban areas Economic situation of recent immigrants

Key Immigration & Ethno-cultural Data Sources Census of Population Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) The Longitudinal Administrative Databank (LAD) & IMDB Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada (LSIC) Ethnic Diversity Survey (EDS) Other household surveys

Census of Population

Census of Population Long history of questions on: place of birth citizenship year of immigration In 2001, questions added on birthplace of parents, religion and language of work

Census of Population Ethno-cultural characteristics Education (ethnic origin, visible minority status, languages, etc.) Education Labour force activity Occupation Income

What Census Data Tell Us Size & origins of the immigrant population, children of immigrants, ethnic groups, etc. Settlement & mobility patterns of immigrants and ethnic groups over time Labour market experience of immigrants, adult children of immigrants, visible minorities, ethnic groups

Data Availability: 2001 Census www.statcan.ca 2001 Census Analysis Series Thematic maps Multimedia presentation: 100 years of immigration Highlight tables, Canadian Overview Tables, etc. Community Profiles Profiles of immigrant groups, ethnic origins, visible minority groups and religions Core tables for the Metropolis Project

Advantages of Using Census Data More than 100 years of historical data Detailed information on birthplaces, ethnic origins, visible minority groups, languages, etc. Data available for small geographic areas Wide range of socio-cultural and economic variables can be used in analysis

Limitations of Census Data Not longitudinal – cannot follow the same respondents over time No year of arrival information (asks the year landed immigrant status was obtained) No immigration program information (e.g. categories of admission; selection characteristics) Outcome measures, rather than process

Longitudinal Immigration Database

What is the IMDB? Administrative database of linked immigration files with taxation files Longitudinal: 1980-2000; updated annually All landed immigrants from 1980-2000 Tax data from 1980-2000 Up to 16 years of information Supported by a federal-provincial consortium, led by Citizenship & Immigration Canada (CIC)

Contents of the IMDB Designed to address the need for detailed, policy-relevant data on the immigration program Content includes: Demographic data & characteristics of landing Program & selection information Detailed income data over time Geographic location over time

Contents of the IMDB (continued) From the immigration portion – primarily used as independent variables in analysis Demographic data Program & selection information Personal attributes at time of landing Province of original destination

Contents of the IMDB (continued) Selected fields from T1: Employment earnings Income from self-employment Employment insurance Welfare benefits (from 1992) Investment income Geographic location for each tax year SIC(80) from T4 based on dominant earnings

What the IMDB tells us? Link between immigrant policy levers (e.g., selection criteria) and economic outcomes Labour market behaviour of different categories of admission of immigrants over time Secondary inter-provincial & inter-urban migration of immigrants Potential information on immigrant children

IMDB: Access & confidentiality Condition of linkage approval – no public access to microdata Access restricted to the IMDB project team Only aggregated data released outside STC All data randomly rounded Screened for confidentiality

IMDB: Products Compendium Tables Standard Summary Tables Ad hoc requests

What isn’t in the IMDB? No comparison or reference group No family/household information No information on skills, education, and language abilities acquired after landing

What is the Longitudinal Administrative Databank (LAD) Longitudinal sample of individuals (20% of tax-filing Canadians, sampled from T1 Family File) Contains over 270 variables relating to these individuals and their families Presently spans 19 years (1982-2000); update as additional years become available

Contents of the LAD Individual demographics Family demographics age, sex, marital status Family demographics type of family, number & age of children Geography Province/territory, city, town, postal code, census geography (CMA, CD, CT) Income variables Employment income, investment, transfer payments, other income

LAD & IMDB Match by SIN, all immigrant tax-filers to the LAD sample Result, 20% of immigrants Data are weighted to produce estimates 17 key immigrant variables retained

LAD & IMDB: access & confidentiality Controlled access Very limited access to microdata Confidential data must remain on-site Secure physical environment Rules to prevent disclosure Addition of noise, suppression, dominance, residual disclosure avoidance, rounding

What LAD & IMDB tell us? 19 years of data Low income measure (LIM) Family information from T1FF Census family & SLID census family Comparison group of all tax-filers Child tax benefit information QC tax estimates

Questions on IMDB, LAD & IMDB Heather Dryburgh Manager, Longitudinal Immigration Database (613) 951-0501 Heather.dryburgh@statcan.ca Client Services: 613-951-5979 hfsslf@statcan.ca

Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada

Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada Survey Objectives: to study how new immigrants adjust to life in Canada over time to provide information on the factors that can help or hinder this adjustment

LSIC Target population and sampling frame Target population includes immigrants who: arrived in Canada between October 2000 and September 2001 landed from abroad Are age 15 and over About 165,000 immigrants meet these criteria Sampling frame Administrative database provided by Citizenship and Immigration Canada

LSIC Survey Timelines Longitudinal – 3 interviews – approximately 6 months, 2 years and 4 years after arriving in Canada Wave 1: April 2001 to March 2002 Wave 2: December 2002 to November 2003 Wave 3: October 2004 to September 2005

LSIC Survey Design Computer assisted interviewing (CAI), face-to- face interview environment Average household visit of 90 minutes Interviews are conducted in 15 different languages The longitudinal respondent is the unit of analysis; 12,000 individuals interviewed in Wave 1

LSIC Questionnaire Content Socio-demographic information (Wave 1 only) Reasons for coming to Canada (Wave 1 only) Social interactions Language skills Housing Education Employment Health

LSIC Questionnaire Content (continued) Values and attitudes Citizenship Perceptions of settlement Income Event history analysis for housing, employment & education experiences since arrival Problems encountered, type of help needed & sources of help received

LSIC Data Outputs A major release in Statistics Canada’s The Daily, accompanied by an analytical report of results & tables – September 4, 2003 Joint STC-CIC publication – Winter 2004 Production of a set of standard tables Master microdata files for Research Data Centres Remote data access and custom tabulations

Senior Project Manager Questions on LSIC Tracey Leesti Senior Project Manager (613) 951-5693 Tracey.leesti@statcan.ca Client Services 1-800-461-9050 or ssd@statcan.ca

Ethnic Diversity Survey

Ethnic Diversity Survey Survey Objectives: to provide information on the ethnic & cultural backgrounds of people in Canada and how these backgrounds related to their lives today To better understand how Canadians of different ethnic backgrounds interpret and report their ethnicity Target population: Population aged 15 and over living in private dwellings in the 10 provinces, excluding Indian Reserves and Aboriginal

EDS Sample design & selection Two-phase stratified design Phase I: 2001 long census questionnaires (one-in-five households in Canada) Phase II: Selected a sample of respondents from the Census according to specific characteristics Sample selection: Divided the Census population into groups according to the responses to the following three questions: Ethnic origin Birthplace of respondent Birthplace of parents Total of 15 strata; random selection within each strata

EDS Interviews 57,000 persons selected to be interviewed (no proxy reporting) between April and August 2002 Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing, approximately 35 minute interviews Interviewed in 9 different languages 42,500 people were interviewed

EDS Content Modules & Themes Entry Ethnic self-Definition Respondent & Family Background Knowledge & Use of Language Family Interaction Social Networks

EDS Content Modules & Themes (continued) Civic Participation Interaction with Society Attitudes Trust & Satisfaction Socio-economic activities Who answered 2001 Census questionnaire

EDS Potential Research Areas Unpacking Ethnicity Discrimination & Unfair Treatment Socio-economic Status EDS Social Capital Social Networks Participation in Society Transnationalism Transmission of Culture & Language

EDS Products Official release in Statistics Canada’s The Daily – September 29, 2003 Analytic article: Ethnic Diversity Survey: Portrait of a multicultural society Analysis file for Research Data Centres Possible Public Use Microdata File in 2004

Immigration & Ethno-cultural Statistics Questions on EDS Jane Badets Immigration & Ethno-cultural Statistics (613) 951-2561 Jane.badets@statcan.ca Client Services: 613-951-5979 hfsslf@statcan.ca

Other Household Surveys

Other household surveys Immigration questions are included on most household surveys….but immigrant samples tend to be small. Canadian Community Health Survey Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics Youth in Transition Survey Adult Literacy and Lifeskills Survey

Questions? Immigration & Ethno-cultural Statistics Housing, Family & Social Statistics Division Statistics Canada Jane Badets Tina Chui Ottawa, Ontario Ottawa, Ontario (613) 951-2561 (613) 951-8108 Jane.badets@statcan.ca Tina.chui@statcan.ca