Drive Right Chapters 12 and 13 Period 2 Driver Education Mr. Miller

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.1 Reduced Visibility Slowing down to give yourself more time. Scanning in and around your path of travel to the target area to identify hazards early. Predicting others will make maneuvers into your intended path of travel Deciding to position your vehicle ahead of time with an extra space cushion around it. Executing driving actions gently to maintain control so others know what you are doing.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.1 Reduced Visibility Take these steps when the slightest amount of moisture builds up: Turn on your front-window defroster. Switch on your rear defogger. Use air conditioning and/or heater if it will help. Open windows as needed. Clean all windows and lights ahead of time in bad weather.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.1 Reduced Visibility Low levels of light at night severely limit your ability to use the IPDE process. Keep these points in mind when driving with your headlights on at night: Use high-beam headlights to see further down the road. Only use high-beam headlights when vehicles are more than ½ mile in front of you. Switch to low-beam headlights the instant you see the headlights of an oncoming vehicle, the taillights of a vehicle you are approaching, or the taillights of a vehicle that has just passed you. This will prevent you from blinding others with your headlights.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.1 Reduced Visibility Use your low-beam headlights in: Bad Weather Snow Heavy Rain Fog High-beam headlights will reflect more light back into your eyes; as a result, you will see less.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.1 Reduced Visibility Overdriving headlights means driving at a speed that makes your stopping distance longer than the distance lighted by your headlights. Make sure you do not overdrive your headlights, especially in bad weather or on a slick road.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.2 Reduced Traction Wet Roadways Rain-slick road can create a problem for any driver. When rain begins to fall, it mixes with dust and oil on the road. This mix can make the roads very slippery, until more rain washes it away. Reduce speed to make better use of your limited traction.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.2 Reduced Traction Wet Roadways Hydroplaning is when a tire loses road contact by rising up on top of water and no longer has contact with the road. Hydroplaning is caused by a combination of standing water, speed, and tire condition. Deep threads of new, properly inflated tires will cut through the water and grip the road.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.2 Reduced Traction Snow Gently accelerate, brake and steer your vehicle are keys to vehicle control in snow. Often you can move your vehicle out of deep snow, mud, or sand by driving forward a little and then back a little. This technique is called “Rocking a Vehicle”. Make sure your wheels are straight and gently accelerate to move in snow.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.2 Reduced Traction Ice Be alert when temperatures drop below freezing and it is raining. Predict the worst when ice begins to form. Bridge roadways tend to freeze before other roadway surfaces. Cold air circulates above and below overpasses to cause freezing. Black Ice that forms in thin sheets. This can be extremely hard to see.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.2 Reduced Traction Skidding Can happen on any surface while you are braking, accelerating, or steering. If you wait until you feel your skid, you may not be able to correct it. Different kinds of skids: Over-Power Skid Over-Braking Skid Front-Wheel Skid Rear-Wheel Skid Skidding in a Curve

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.2 Reduced Traction Controlled Braking Used to reduce your speed as quickly as possible while maintaining steering control. Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) vehicles use a computer to prevent its wheels from locking – even in an emergency stop. ABS brakes will allow you to brake and steer at the same time – they will not enable you to stop in a shorter distance.

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.3 Other Adverse Weather Conditions Windy Weather Hot Weather Cold Weather Exhaust Leaks Race Cold Engine Setting Parking Brake

Chapter 12 Driving in Adverse Conditions 12.3 Other Adverse Weather Conditions Tips for Smooth Winter Driving Traffic Reports Clear Windows Lower Speeds Safe Following Distances Keep Moving in Snow Lower Gear on Slippery Roads Avoid Cruise Control

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions Tire Failure Causes of excessive wear. Poor maintenance Abrupt braking Sharp steering Bumps, potholes, poor surfaces Unbalanced wheels Poor alignment Under/Overinflation

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions Tire Failure Take the following actions when a Blow Out happens: Grip steering wheel firmly Ease up on accelerator – do not brake Drive off roadway slowly (gentle braking) Turn on hazard lights and stop

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions Changing a Flat Tire Park on level area and turn on hazards Set parking brake and block wheels Ask passengers to get out as you get the jack, spare and lug wrench Assemble jack and then partially jack up vehicle Loosen lug nuts Jack up vehicle and remove lug nuts and flat tire Mount new wheel and replace and tighten lug nuts Lower vehicle until tire just touches road and tighten lug nuts again Place flat, hug cap, jack and lug wrench Replace or repair flat tire ASAP!!

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions Brake Failure Pump brake pedal Downshift to lower gear Pull and hold parking brake Search for an open zone

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions Accelerator Malfunction Stuck Accelerator Kick accelerator to try to free it. Apply brakes Choose escape path Shift to neutral Follow escape path off the roadway Turn off ignition

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions Engine Failure Shift to neutral Move out of traffic and turn on hazards Try to restart engine If engine still fails, call for help

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions Engine Failure Flooded Engine Overheated Engine Steering Failure Use horn and flashers Stop as quickly as possible – don’t brake Shift to lower gear

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.1 Vehicle Malfunctions Loss of Vision Hood flies up Headlights fail Splashed windshield Car Fire Stalls on Railroad Tracks

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.2 Driving Errors Driving off Road Emergency Swerving Execution of Emergency Swerve How Sharply to Swerve?

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.3 Roadway Hazards Potholes Sharp Curves Objects in Roadways Vehicle in Deep Water

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.4 Collisions Minimizing Effects of a Collision Head-on collision Side-impact collision Rear-end collision

Chapter 13 Handling Emergencies 13.4 Collisions If you are in a collision Stop Immediately Aid the Injure Prevent Further Damage Send for Police Exchange Information Record Witnesses’ names Give police the Facts File necessary Reports