Models and prototypes

Purpose of the models and prototypes Coioncrete

Models and prototypes Tools for thinking and communication Helps to detect more and concretize

Taxonomy of models Mock-up Functional model Finalized appearance model An early character model of design Space model Functional model Testing a feature or set of features strength, movements, flexibility, usage etc, Proof of concept models Finalized appearance model Better than final product When final product does not exist Testing desirability of consumer products Commercial fairs Brochure and package illustration Not technically functioning Typically by Poly-Jet- method finalized by hand work or NC-milling Model making method according the intended use

Mock-ups Preliminary Plan Shown essential things design problem more than the paper or a computer screen Quick and cheap Not nessery accurat or strong Dimensions Hand made polyurethane block levystä, Styro-foam, kapa-sheet cardboard wood etc.

Polystyrene ”Foam” extruded ”Styrox” expanded Clueing wood glue 600 mm wide bar ”Styrox” expanded 1000*1200 sheet Possible to get large pieces Clueing wood glue Surface treatment by water soluble paint Solvents melt PS Free forms

Kapa Sheet Cardboard or plastics surface Core foamed plastic PS or PU planar pieces, plate structures Bend by notching background Sylindrical form by removing the backing

Polyuretaaniplokit Materials made for model making and tooling Wide selection Soft hand machinability qualities heat-resistant machinable tough

Functional model To test of the properties, such as strength. Compatibility and snap- fit action EMC testing Eg. Production line testing with parts done with prototype mold with final material

Finalized appearance model Better than the final product. When the final product does not yet exists Testing the desirability of consumer product Trade show display Presents the description and illustration of the package, Are not technically viable Eg. A 3D print and hand-crafted finishing The most accurate outcome by NC-milling Replication with silicone mold Material options Dyeing the material

Metal prototype Thin sheet, hand-crafted Laser cutting Welded structures Machining by hand CNC machining Castings (template or mold) Investment casting (Additive manufactured original) Sand casting (Printed sand mold) http://www.castingquality.com/casting-technology/investment-casting-tech/investment-casting-process.html Sand casting process http://www.castingquality.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/sand-casting-cast-iron-gear.gif

Plastics model Cutting: Heat forming, vacuum forming (mold) http://www.bpf.co.uk/Data/Content/images/300XQ%20-%20Model%20Making%20HIPS%20_LOGO.jpg Cutting: Laser, water-jet cutter Wood working tools Metal workshop Heat forming, vacuum forming (mold) Casting and molding Hand lay-up https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/62/c5/72/62c5720d5d072d9c4aae1830133dcf23.jpg https://www.wacker.com/cms/media/en/images/content_format/campaigns/hand_lay_up.gif

Mold or master production big forms Hand made Plaster Foam Wood CNC milling (robot) Foam kernel PU or Epoxy paste

Pictures also from Kari Kääriäisen luentomonisteesta: IPD Model making by hand.pdf