Object Pronouns There are three types of pronouns in Spanish: Direct, indirect, reflexive

PRONOUNS Direct Object Pronouns: tell who or what receives the action of the verb. Indirect Object Pronouns: indicate to whom or for whom an action is performed. Reflexive Pronouns: are used in conjunction with the conjugation of a reflexive verb, meaning “oneself” or “each other.”

Object Pronouns: 2 types There are two types of object pronouns: Direct and Indirect. Direct Object Pronouns (D.O.P.s) answer the question “Who or what is receiving the action of the verb?” Indirect Object Pronouns (I.O.P.s) answer the question "To whom?" or "For whom?" the action of the verb is performed. It tells us where the D.O.P is going.

Example: object pronouns The doctor writes me a prescription. verb Indirect object subject Direct object What does he write? *A prescription. (D.O.) For whom does he write the prescription? Where is the prescription going? *Me (I.O.) *To Me (I.O.) In Spanish this sentence would be: El médico me escribe una receta.

Indirect Object Pronouns answer the question "To whom. " or "For whom (to/ for) me = me (pronounced “may”) (to/ for) you = te (to/ for) him, her, it, you (formal) = le (to/ for) us = nos (to/for) you (informal, plural) = os (to/ for) them, you all = les

You have already used them! Me gustan los deportes. I.O.P. verb subject Literally this sentence means: The sports are pleasing to me.. subject verb I.O.P.

You have already used them! Le duele la garganta. I.O.P. verb subject Literally this sentence means: The throat hurts (give pain to) him. verb subject I.O.P.

Direct Object Pronouns “Who or what is receiving the action of the verb?” me = me (pronounced “may”) you = te him, her, it, you (formal) = lo, la us = nos you (informal, plural) = os them, you all = los, las

Examples The doctors examine us. Who or what do they examine? *us Subject verb D.O.P. Los médicos nos examinan. Subject D.O.P. verb Who or what do they examine? *us “Us” or “nos” is the direct object pronoun.

Examples Daddy, I adore you. -Papi, te adoro. Who or what do I adore? D.O.P. subject verb -Papi, te adoro. D.O.P. verb subject Who or what do I adore? *you “You” or “te” is the direct object pronoun.

Did you notice? Me, Te, and nos are the same for both sets of object pronouns: direct and indirect. The verb matches the subject, NOT the objects.

PRONOUN PLACEMENT If there is only one verb, pronouns must be placed BEFORE the verb. (no) + subject + I.O.P. + D.O.P + verb OJO: I.O.P. and D.O.P. are separate, individual words! If there is a main verb that is followed by an infinitive or gerund, pronouns can be ATTACHED to the infinitive or the gerund (if attaching to a gerund, one must include an accent on –ándo/-iéndo). (no) + subject + I.O.P. + D.O.P. + verb + infinitive/gerund (no) + subject + verb + infinitive/gerundI.O.P.D.O.P.* OJO: When attached, the I.O.P. and D.O.P are combined with the infinitive or gerund as one word!

PRONOUN PLACEMENT When placing pronouns, an indirect object pronoun and a reflexive pronoun go before a direct object pronoun. OJO: If you have pronouns such as le, les, lo, la, los, and las, you need to make a change. You cannot have the double l! SE ESPECIAL: change the le or les to se! EXAMPLE: Yo preparo la cena para mi familia. Direct Object: la cena  Direct Object Pronoun: la Indirect Object: la familia  Indirect Object Pronoun: le Yo le la preparo. (no!)  Yo se la preparo. (Yes!)

Look again… El médico me escribe una receta. / The doctor writes me a prescription. I.O. verb D.O. *El médico me la escribe./ The doctor writes it for me. I.O.P D.O.P verb

Practicamos ¿____ duele el estómago? Sí, me duele el estómago. ¿Me escribes una carta? Sí, ____ escribo. ¿Por qué te da una receta el médico? Porque____ duele la garganta. Mi profesor de español ______ explica la lección porque no comprendo la lección.

PRONOUNS: REFLEXIVE We also have reflexive pronouns. R.P.s are used in conjunction with the conjugation of a reflexive verb (the R.P. and verb conjugation must agree). The reflexive pronoun can mean “oneself” or “each other” depending on the reflexive verb. Yo me ducho. / I shower (myself). Nos besamos./ We kiss each other. R.P.s: Me Nos Te Os Se Se

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