Slide Presentation Compiled by This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 India License. Aryabhata:- First Indian Experimental Satellite named after Indian astronomer of the Aryabhata Slide Presentation Compiled by Prof.Ujwala Bongale TCOER-Pune For more information visit below mentioned website link Website https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryabhata_(satellite) http://geocities.com/hari_ghk/arya.htm

Aryabhata:- First Indian Experimental Satellite named after an Indian astronomer of the Aryabhata By Ujwala Bongale

Satellites Overview History How Satellites Work Aryabhata (India’s First Satellite) About Aryabhata Missions of Aryabhata Disadvantages Applications

History of Indian Satellites The first satellite that was used for communication purpose in India was ARYABHATTA and it was launched in 19 April 1975. APPLE was launched in space which was the first Indian Experimental communication satellite. INSAT (Indian National Satellite System) is a series of multipurpose geostationary satellites launched by ISRO to satisfy the telecommunications, broadcasting & search and rescue needs of India in 1983.

History of Indian Satellites INSAT is the largest domestic communication system in the Asia- Pacific Region. Chandrayaan-1 was launched by the Indian Space Research Organization in October 2008 and operated until August 2009.

What is Satellite A Satellite is a solid object revolves around some heavenly body due to the effect of gravitational forces which are mutual in nature. A satellite is a station in space that is used for telecommunication, radio, television signals and other purpose. Most of the satellite have a transponder.

Satellite Communication utilization Satellite Communication utilization has become wide spread and ubiquitous throughout the country for such diverse applications like Television, DTH Broadcasting, DSNG and VSAT to exploit the unique capabilities in terms of coverage and outreach.  Benefits of technology to the betterment of mankind. Important initiatives pursued by ISRO towards societal development include Tele-education, Tele-medicine, Village Resource Centre (VRC) and Disaster Management System (DMS) Programmes. The potential of the space technology for applications of national development is enormous.

What is Satellite Types of Satellites Active Passive Natural Satellite Example: Moon Artificial Satellite Example: Spherical balloon with metal coated plastic

What is Satellite Active satellites are complicated structures having a processing equipment called Transponder. These transponders serve dual purpose i.e. provides amplification of the incoming signal and performs the frequency translation of the incoming signal to avoid interference between the two signals.

Parts of Satellite

How Satellites Work A Earth Station sends message in the form of signal in GHz range (Uplink). Satellite Receive the signal and after processing by transponder, it retransmit signals back.(Downlink).

Ground segment of Satellite The ground segment consists of Earth Stations User terminals & interferences Network control centre Transmit equipment Antenna system

Kepler’s Law For Satellite 1st Law: The orbit of every planet is an ellipse with the sun at one of the two foci. 2nd Law: A line joining a planet & the sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time. 3rd Law: The square of orbital period (T) of the planet is directly proportional to the cube root of semi major axis(D) of the orbit.

Satellite Frequency Bands: Satellites works in Super high frequency range but with different frequency bands. L- Band: 1 to 2 Ghz, S- Band: 2 to 4 Ghz, C- Band: 4 to 8 Ghz, X- Band: 8 to 13 Ghz, Ku- Band: 12 to 18 Ghz, K- Band: 18 to 28 Ghz, Ka- Band: 28 to 40 Ghz,

Aryabhata

About Aryabhata Manufacturer: ISRO Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to gain experience in building and operating a satellite in space. Owner: ISRO

About Aryabhata The exercise also provided an opportunity to conduct investigations in the area of space sciences. The satellite carried three experiments, one each in X-Ray Astronomy, Solar Physics and Aeronomy. The satellite weighed 360 Kgs and was launched on April 19, 1975, by a Soviet Intercosmos Rocket, it was placed in an orbit of 619 X 562 kms.   It was built to conduct experiments in X-ray astronomy, aeronomics, and solar physics. 

About Aryabhata Mission Scientific/ Experimental Weight 360 kg On board power 46 Watts Communication VHF band Stabilization Spinstabilize Payload X-ray Astronomy Aeronomy & Solar Physics Launch date April 19,1975

About Aryabhata Launch site Volgograd Launch Station (presently in Russia) Launch vehicle C-1 Intercosmos Orbit 563 x 619 km Inclination 50.7 deg Mission life 6 months(nominal), Spacecraft mainframe active till March,1981 Orbital Life Nearly seventeen years (Re-entered on February 10,1992)

The main objectives of this mission To evolve the methodology of conducting a series of complex operations on the satellite in its orbital phase, to set up ground- based receiving, transmitting and tracking systems. And to establish infrastructure for the fabrication of spacecraft systems

Disadvantages Single unit Launching of small satellites into orbit is costly. The coverage is not much wide. Satellite bandwidth is gradually becoming used up. Due to less power ,noise interference in satellite communication may occur. Very difficult to repair and maintain in the space.

Application SAT PHONE INTERNET GPS Radio Broadcast Fixed Service Satellite (FSS) Direct Broadcast Satellite Military

References 1.Aryabhata (satellite) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 2. http://geocities.com/hari_ghk/arya.htm 3.Image credit http://geocities.com/hari_ghk/arya.htm

This presentation is Space Technology OER Submission for FDP on “Use of ICT for Online and Blended Learning” Under –RC-1101 – 06-Team members submission PPT Slide template credit : PPTTemplate.net