SSUSH18 The student will describe Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the depression and compare the ways governmental programs aided those in need.

FDR’s New Deal and the First 100 Days FDR beat Hoover and promised a “New Deal for the American People” New Deal = A series of social & economic programs enacted during the Great Depression by the FDR Administration that have become part of our everyday lives today. Goals of the New Deal: Relief, Recovery, Reform During FDR’s first 100 days, he pushed 15 major bills through Congress FDR wanted, “Broad executive power to wage a war against the emergency, as great as the power that would be given me if we were in fact invaded by a foreign foe.”

a. Describe the creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority as a works program and as an effort to control the environment.

The “first” New Deal – 1933-1935 Most of the ‘first’ New Deal was passed during the first 100 days Focused on relief; viewed as temporary solutions Realized the depression was deeper than they thought…

First 100 Days Laws related to banking, industry, agriculture, social welfare Banking Holiday – solvent banks could reopen in four days; troubled banks’ stock purchased by Reconstruction Finance Corporation until reorganized; Emergency Banking Relief Act (passed in 8 hours…) Federal Emergency Relief - $500 million into state-run welfare programs Apprehension grew about size and scope of federal government March 12, 1933 – First “Fireside Chat”; restoring CONFIDENCE

Tennessee Valley Authority In 1933 the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was created as part of Roosevelt’s New Deal to control floods and bring electricity to parts of Appalachia (One of the poorest regions in the nation) The TVA generated jobs building dams, power plants, roads and miles of wiring; enabled other industries to move into the region 28,000 employees at its height

“Second” New Deal – 1935-1936 After two years of New Deal programs, the American economy showed little sign of recovery; To try and speed up the recovery process, Roosevelt launched his second New Deal

Wagner Act (1935) National Industrial Recovery Act- gave right to organize; led to conflict and companies circumventing the law; ruled unconstitutional by SCOTUS FDR responded w/ the Wagner Act: guaranteed workers the right to unionize allowed for collective bargaining Banned retaliation from companies for joining a union formed the National Labor Relations Board to monitor labor issues By 1945, 37% of U.S. workforce was organized

Today: Great Depression RAFT This week we are covering the causes of the Great Depression, what life was like when the economy did tank, and what the government’s response was – the New Deal Today and tomorrow you will be putting a short skit together that will be performed for the class It must inform the class about your particular aspect from this period – humor is a good thing to add too! You will be assigned groups to make the process of splitting up smoother – thanks for your cooperation!

Social Security Act Passed in 1935 the Social Security Act provided : - retirement benefits - unemployment insurance - welfare payments to the needy

3 R’s TVA Social security act Wagner act Today’s main ideas – the New Deal fell short in some areas; criticized by many

Eleanor Roosevelt – Champion of equality

Eleanor Roosevelt Though little progress was made during the 1930s, Eleanor tried to promote minority and women’s rights FDR referred to her as “his legs” – she travelled the country and reported to him on what “everyday Americans’” lives were like First woman to: speak at a party convention Write a syndicated column Be a radio commentator Earn money as a lecturer “First Lady of the World”

Huey Long The New Deal was criticized in two main ways – 1. Grew government too much, spent too much money. 2. Did not do enough to help the poor – spend more! Huey Long believes #2 Started “Share the Wealth” clubs- belief the gov’t should tax the wealthy more to fund social programs

Court Packing SCOTUS declared some of the New Deal programs unconstitutional FDR tried to pass a bill that would increase the number of justices so he could appoint more “New Deal- Friendly” judges! Many Americans deeply resented FDR’s disrespect for separation of powers

Court Packing After much protest by Congress and many Americans, the bill was killed in the Senate. Roosevelt over estimated his power.

Essay Paragraph 1: Thesis. The New Deal was a success/failure because… Paragraph 2: Reasons to support thesis Paragraph 3: evidence that goes against your thesis Paragraph 4: Compare the government response to the Depression to how the government responded to the Panic of 1893 or the crash of 2008 (Your choice – show how the government’s actions were similar or different)