Governing the City-States

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Presentation transcript:

Governing the City-States Ch. 4-2-2 Governing the City-States

Governing the City-States Polis = major city or town and surrounding area Cities are two levels Acropolis- high city Temples dedicated to the gods Lower city Homes, marketplace, public buildings Small population Male landowners held all power

Types of Government Evolve Monarchy Kings, with hereditary rule Aristocracy Power by landholding elite Oligarchy Hands in small wealthy elite More a group

New Warfare Methods Shape Greece 650 B.C. Iron replacing Bronze Phalanx was created Massive tactical formation of heavy armed foot soldiers

Sparta: A Warrior Society Dorian invaders from the north Built the city of Sparta Turned conquered people into helots (state-owned slaves) All citizens approved major decisions Citizens were native-born Spartans over the age of 30 Elected 5 ephors to run day-to-day stuff

Daily Life Ruled by Discipline Learned from childhood to be part of the military At age 7 began training Moved into barracks Crazy diet Exercise Discipline Encouraged to steal food Caught, beaten severely

Daily Continued Age 20 could marry Another 10 years in the barracks Eat there for 40 more years After age 30, became part of the assembly

Women of Sparta Expected to produce sons Had to exercise and strengthen the body Had to obey fathers and husbands Had right to inherit property

Sparta Stands Alone Looked down on trade and wealth Little arts or new ideas War, war, war, and war.