Standing Operating Procedures Multinational Force Standing Operating Procedures MNF SOP Overview Brief 06 November 2006 UNCLASSIFIED

Background MNF SOP required to improve multinational crisis response capabilities by MPAT nations Not prescriptive, binding or directive Will be left “unsigned” intentionally Serves as a “guide” (start point) A multinational document Eight (8) dedicated MNF SOP Development Workshops have been conducted so far.

MNF SOP Purpose Increase multinational force (MNF): Speed of Initial Response Interoperability Overall Mission Effectiveness Unity of Effort One of the first actions in the MPAT initiative was the development of procedures for the operation of a CTF HQ. The MNF SOP recognizes the existence of shared national interests in the region and seeks to standardize some basic concepts and processes that will promote habits of cooperation, increased dialogue, and provide for baseline coalition task force (CTF) operational concepts. Further, this SOP serves as a centerpiece for the MPAT workshops and exercises aimed at improving interoperability and CTF operational readiness within the Asia-Pacific region. The purpose of the SOP is straight forward: Increase the speed of a MNF initial response, Improve interoperability among the participating forces, enhance overall mission effectiveness And support Unity of Effort

Range of Military Operations Simple Complexity of Operations Difficult Major Conflict (War) Large scale offensive & defensive combat operations MNF SOP “Focus” Combat will occur Limited Duration and Intensity Ops involving some degree of combat Small Scale Contingency Peace Enforcement Combating Terrorism Combat may occur Counterinsurgency Disarmament, Demobilization & Reintegration Consequence Management Humanitarian Assistance Disaster Relief Domestic Support Counterterrorism MOOTW Combat unlikely, but possible Peacekeeping Ops Noncombatant Evacuation Operations Antiterrorism Show of Force Protection of Shipping Freedom of Navigation Counterdrug Ops Personnel Recovery Ops MOOTW (Mil Ops Other Than War) Probability of Occurrence Level of Violence Noncombat Degree of Conflict Combat

Focus Levels of Planning and Operations Strategic –development & employment of national / multinational level resources. Involves national interests and crisis action effects that impact on a nation’s vital or survival interests. Operational – the “link” between tactical & strategic objectives via strategies, campaigns, and major operations. Employment & arrangement of forces in time, space, & purpose for synchronization & integration at the JTF / CTF, interagency & multinational force level. Tactical – Employment of units at the “execution level” for approved military Course of Action (COA). Ordered arrangement and maneuver of units for crisis response at the engagement & battle level. MNF SOP Focus – Campaigns / Major Ops

Strategic / Operational / Tactical Responsibilities Level Strategic Operational Tactical Responsibility Strategic Objectives & Policy Operational Plan / Campaign Plan (Lines of Ops / Conditions) Activity (Tasks) Outlines the primary responsibility for each Level of Planning & Operations to focus effort and to establish clear expectations for each level

Framework & Organization Basic Foundation Shared Interests among Nations Unity of Effort among Nations and Forces Strategic & Operational Guidance Military Task Force & Command Relationships The MNF SOP Builds Upon These Basics

These Principles set the foundation Key Principles Operational Start Points Predetermined “start points” prior to a crisis will improve CTF speed of initial response / effectiveness Clear Understanding & Communications It is critical to “agree” or “agree to disagree” based upon a common set of terms & processes Common Planning Process CTF planning structure must provide for an “integrated and managed process” for the development & execution of plans These Principles set the foundation for Unity of Effort

CTF Operational Start Points Lead Nation Concept Common Command Relationships & / or Common Control-Coordination Concepts Standardized CTF HQ Organization Common Planning & Decision-Making Process Clear Understanding & Clarity of Terminology

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 1 – Lead Nation) Lead Nation Concept: Designated by UN or participating nations in MNF Responsible for Strategic Consultation / Coordination for the MNF Among Nations With UN Channels With IOs & NGOs “Single channel” for strategic direction to MNF forces based on agreements with participating nations Provides for Unity of Effort

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 2 – C2) Common Command Relationships & / or Control-Coordination Concepts Chains of Command – two chains always exist: Each Nation has a “NATIONAL” Chain of Command There is one MNF “MULTINATIONAL” Chain of Command

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 2 – C2) MNF Chain of Command (Lead Nation Concept): Participating Nation Authority Lead Nation National Authority Participating Nation Authority Supporting Strategic Commander Supported Strategic Commander Supporting Strategic Commander National Chain of Command Multinational Chain of Command Commander CTF (CCTF) National Command Element National Command Element CTF Participating Forces CTF Participating Forces CTF Participating Forces Consultation / Coordination MNF / CTF OPCON / TACON National Chain Of Command

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 3 – CTF HQ Organization) Standardized CTF Headquarters Organization (major functions to be addressed): Operational Staff (C1 through C7) Personal Staff (Legal, Public Affairs, etc.) Multinational Coordination Civil-Military Coordination Logistics Coordination Media Support (International and National) CTF Planning Process (current & future ops, and plans)

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 3 - CTF HQ Template) Coalition / Combined Logistics Coordination Center (CLCC) (Classification = Secret – Rel MNF) CTF Planning Process (C5 Plans, C3 FOPS, and C3 COPS) Special Access Programs Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs (Coalition / Combined Pools) (Classification = Unclass) Commander Coalition / Combined Task Force (CCTF) National Command Elements (NCE) C1 ADMIN C2 INTEL C3 OPS C4 LOG C5 PLANS C6 COMM C7 CIV-MIL DCCTF COS Special Staff CMOC for Coordination with UN, ICRC, IOs, NGOs, Host Nation (Classification = Unclass) MNCC (Classification = Secret – Rel MNF) Legend: MNCC = Multinational Coordination Center CMOC = Civil-Military Operations Center Rel - MNF = Releasable to Multinational Force = Command = Liaison & Coordination

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 4) Common Decision-Making & Planning Processes CTF Planning Process has 4 Major Components: CTF Planning Organization CTF’s organization approach for planning CTF Battle / Operational Rhythm Synchronization Procedures within the CTF HQ (and with organizations external to the CTF) Broad Crisis Action Planning (CAP) Process Major Strategic – Operational Planning Interaction Detailed Planning Process How the CTF headquarters and command conducts operational planning

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 4) CTF HQ Planning Process Required Functions: Focus: What’s Next? 168 Hours & Beyond** Focus: What’s the Situation & What refinements are required? 96 – 168 Hours** Focus: What Adjustments Are Required” 0 – 96 Hours** CTF: 24-96 Hrs Mid-Term to Long Range “Hand-Off” of Plan “Hand-Off” of Plan Current Near Term “Provides an integrated & managed process to move plans From planning, to refinement stage, & to execution” ** Timeframes indicated above are an initial guide. CCTF & staff will develop planning based upon actual mission requirements.

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 4) CTF HQ Battle Rhythm: H hour 0600E* 8 Oct 0430 1230 0830 1030 0630 0230 0030 2230 2030 1830 1630 1430 9 Oct CCDR VTC w/ Supported Strat Cdr Lead Nation (e.g., K time) Z time SITREP from Components ATO A Execute SITREP to Supported Stat Cdr CCDR Meeting w/ Staff & CTF Component Cdrs Coalition Collection Mgmt Board COC shift change CCTB & ESG 2400 0800 0400 0600 0200 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 Area of Operations (e.g., E * time) (E is a nonstandard time zone) CCDR Press conf Coalition Planning Group C5 Plans Operational Planning Team C3 FOPS External to CTF Internal

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 4) Crisis Action Planning (CAP) Process Phase I Situation Development Phase II Crisis Assessment Phase V Execution Planning Phase VI Phase IV COA Selection Phase III Nations NCA Consultations & Assessments 1. Strategic Assessment 2. Essential Strategic Guidance Developed 3. Situation Monitored 4. Collective NCA decision for multinational military crisis response 5. Lead nation designated 6. Supported Strategic Commander, CCTF, and Supporting Commands Designated. ONGOING LEAD NATION NATIONAL AUTH CONSULTATION Deployment Order (s) Issued As Required EXECUTE ORDER WARNING ORDER PLANNING & ALERT ORDER Note: Planning Order Is optional; Alert Order required. Review WARNING ORDER Supported Strat. Cmdr OPORD EXECUTE ORDER CTF THEATER NATIONAL OPERATIONAL STRATEGIC STRATEGIC CDR’S ESTIMATE CTF DRAFT OPORD Approved ORDER CDR’S ESTIMATE CTF ACTIVATED – CTF Planning (C5 PLANS, C3 FOPS, C3 COPS) CTF COMPONENTS ORGANIZED CTF COMMAND OPERATIONAL LNOs/MPAT CADRE DEPLOYS CTF MULTINATIONAL COORDINATION CENTER ACTIVATED

MNF SOP Recognizes a Base Planning Model For all Planning Methods CTF Detailed Planning Process (SP4) Mission Analysis Brief to Cdr CDR Planning Guidance Base Multinational CTF Planning Model COA Decision COA Selection Commander’s Est. To Lead Nation National Authority Approval Development Comparison Plan/Order Warning Order MNF SOP Recognizes a Base Planning Model For all Planning Methods Five Basic Steps: 1 – Situation Review (common level of understanding) 2 – Define the Problem 3 – Analyze the Problem 4 – Explore Possible Solutions 5 – Select & Develop the Preferred Solution

CTF Operational Start Points (Starting Point 5) Clear Understanding & Clarity of Terminology Concerted MPAT effort to develop base definitions for CTF Operational Start Points CTF Glossary addresses (almost) all terms and abbreviations MPAT events used to continually update the MNF SOP terms Required to Improve Multinational Interoperability

Key Definitions MNF (Multinational Force) – Broad Overarching Term The entire organization of nations, forces & support based on “shared interests” Two Types of MNF Operations: Coalition (ad-hoc, crisis-based [e.g., INTERFET]) Combined (alliance / treaty-based (e.g., NATO) CTF (Coalition / Combined Task Force): Coalition TF (CTF) – ad-hoc, crisis-oriented Combined TF (CTF) – alliance / treaty based (predetermined guidelines & / or contingency plans)

Work Group Organization Group 1 – MNF SOP Primer Review (Mr Bratton) Group 2 – Medical (Major Casey) Group 3 – International Standards of Conduct (Mr Miller) Group 4 – Boards, Bureaus, Cells, & Center (Mr Holub) Group 5 – Consequence Management (Mr Carey) Group 6 – CBRN-TIM Special Staff Procedures (Ms Elliott) Co-chaired by a non-US participant

Workshop Process Workgroups will review their relevant section of the MNF SOP daily within their workgroups Daily AAR (5 minute recap of the previous day’s work) Friday Final AAR (max 15 minute recap of the groups’ major work at the end of the week) Final Integration (final review, formatting, and lining to the rest of the SOP; conducted in Hawaii by MPAT Secretariat; then new SOP version posted to web – target is 2 weeks posted)

SOP Format Each section is “formatted” in new standard template (part of MNF SOP improvements) Please maintain this format – if problems please do not hesitate to immediately contact: Ms Kate Elliott or Mr John Bratton

Equipment Security Set-up each morning by 0730 by the Workgroup leader Taken-down each day by Workgroup leader and turned in during the daily facilitator meetings Computers MAY be borrowed only: With prior coordination with Mr Bob Holub Only for working on sections of the SOP at night The individual borrowing the computer is responsible for the computer

Terminology Write down any term that is: Confusing or required Needs to be added to the Glossary Please outline area it pertains to and the context Suggested definition or working definition is helpful for research. On 3’ x 5” cards handed out to each group Turn in to the group Facilitator Facilitators turn over cards to Mr Bratton daily

Work Group Products Daily: Final (NLT 1630 Thursday): Daily AAR Brief for each group Group Facilitator bring to Facilitator Meeting at the end of the day (electronically) Final (NLT 1630 Thursday): Final AAR Slides from each group (electronically) SOP Section (with “track changes accepted”) Properly Formatted!

Support Material Two computers per Work Group One reference computer (connected to internet) One working computer (with work group chapter, annex, appendix) for SOP changes On each computer and the MNF SOP Tab of the MPAT website Daily AAR Brief Formats Final AAR Brief Format Printer Limited Use Only!!! Bring file on memory stick (“thumb drive”) to MPAT Admin Room to use admin computer

Summary MNF SOP is the basic building block for Multinational Contingency Crisis Response: Serves as “Guide” with Operational Start Points – not prescriptive, binding or directive. Focused at the Operational Level (CTF HQ) Multinational Program – 33 MPAT Nations Improves: Speed of Response Interoperability Mission Effectiveness Unity of Effort