Please mute your phone during the presentation. Electric Power Group Presents Maximizing Use of Synchrophasor Technology for Everyday Tasks Welcome! The meeting will begin at 2:00 p.m. ET / 11:00 a.m. PT Feb. 15, 2017 Today’s Topic: Use Cases of Linear State Estimator Technology for Grid Resiliency Registration URL: https://electricpowergroup2.webex.com/ Webinar Teleconference Number: 1-650-479-3208 Access code: 664 608 380 Please mute your phone during the presentation. We will encourage discussion at planned QA session. Thank you for your cooperation. For any technical issues with this webinar, please contact Kosareff@electricpowergroup.com or call (626) 685–2015

Maximizing Use of Synchrophasor Technology for Everyday Tasks Use Cases of Linear State Estimator Technology for Grid Resiliency Webinar Feb 15, 2017 Presented by Kevin Chen, Lin Zhang, EPG Tim Bradberry, Evan Phillips, Duke Energy Patrick Gravois, ERCOT

© Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved DRAFT Outline Challenge & Need PhasorNXT for Improving Grid Resiliency Overview Independent Data Source Automatic EMS Model Integration Guaranteed State Estimation solution Unified One-line Diagram integration High Resolution for Monitoring System Dynamics (e.g. Phase Angles, Oscillations, Sensitivities, etc.) Duke Energy Use Case Example ERCOT Use Case Example and Demo Discussion Your Practice, Use Cases, Suggestions Summary © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved Challenge & Need Traditional State Estimator may not converge EMS may fail due to reasons – e.g. unsuccessful failover, cyber, or physical attacks PMU Data quality - can it be relied upon for operation? Inaccurate for analytical apps (e.g. Phase angles, oscillations, sensitivities, etc.) Visibility limited to PMU coverage © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

PhasorNXT for Improving Grid Resilience Solution for Synchrophasor State Estimation and Situational Awareness using PMU Data Validated and Calculated Data – based on algorithms & model Guaranteed State Estimation Solution at PMU Sample Rate (30-60samples/sec) with enhanced Linear State Estimator (eLSE) Automatic EMS Model Integration from CIM Automatic One-Line Diagram Import from EMS/Macomber Map Contingency Analysis and Network Applications Planned (DOE Awarded Projects 2017-2018) Correlate Geo-Spatial displays with One-Lines Extend PMU Grid Observability Independent of EMS Designed in collaboration with Duke Energy, ERCOT, Dominion © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

eLSE to Address Practical Issues of Transmission Grid Series capacitor Shunt capacitor/reactor Split bus Naming convention Bypass breaker modeled in line Multiple transmission line segments Bad data detection and identification module Breaker status interface to accept Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (ICCP) Real-time operation model integration and update © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

Utility Network Model (CIM) eLSE Inputs Network Model (CIM format) Automatic conversion into LSE format model PMU Data Real-time C37.118 or down sampled data Topology Information From PMU digitals or SCADA C37.118 PMU data Estimated Synchrophasor Data Virtual PMU’s with Estimated Values List of Measurement Anomalies eLSE Application Utility Network Model (CIM) Topology Information © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

eLSE Deployment Summary © Electric Power Group. 2017. All rights reserved.

Improving Data Quality at BPA A: Dropout B: Offset © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved Validated with BPA System – 500kV Example With Real-Time Breaker Status Update via ICCP White: eLSE Red: Raw Follow system topology change Offset within 1% <1% 24 hours © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved 9

Uncertain Certain Nervous Confident Stressful Relieved Power System Control Room - EMS Down - PhasorNXT Up Wide-area Monitoring One-line with eLSE value Drill down to substation level Certain Confident Relieved Uncertain Nervous Stressful Picture source: http://nyssmartgrid.com/nyiso-control-center/

Align With Where The Industry Is Going… Source: http://www.nerc.com/gov/bot/Agenda%20highlights%20and%20Mintues%202013/Board_November_2_2016_Agenda_Pkg_Final.pdf © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

Duke Energy Use Case Examples © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

Linear State Estimation using Synchrophasors Megan Vutsinas, Tim Bradberry, Evan Phillips February 15, 2017

Duke Energy Carolinas Phasor Deployment 135 PMUs installed at 65 substations Consistent architecture for data flow, concentration (openPDC), collection (PI), visualization/utilization (RTDMS/EMS). Carolinas utilize system installed by SGIG DEMW utilize system installed by SGIG; PJM provides access to RTDMS to DEMW for visualzation DEF will have own system with consistent architecture. DFRs good example of coordination with Fossil/Hydro generation

Linear State Estimator (LSE) PhasorNXT: Developed by EPG (Electric Power Group) Duke Energy partnered with EPG by providing seed money for development and technical consultation. EPG provided credit to be applied to license. EPG Started with the Open Source code developed by Dominion Virginia Power and Virginia Tech and made significant modifications to create a commercial, production grade enhanced Linear State Estimator (eLSE) for use in Control Centers. Builds on the EPG RTDMS software already deployed at Duke Energy for PMU visualization Station one-lines State Estimation Scrubs data to improve the quality Always solves without a full system model or observability Auto builds network model from EMS model using CIM Auto builds one-line displays from existing EMS displays (see next slide) Runs 30 times/sec Increases visibility through virtual PMUs Utilizes ICCP data from EMS for breaker position

One-Line Displays PhasorNXT EMS

LSE vs EMS PhasorNXT NOT an EMS backup/replacement EMS State Estimation Station (one line) visualization Alarming Contingency Analysis (future) Study Analysis (future) Wide area visualization Oscillation detection NOT an EMS backup/replacement LSE can provide the following: Situational Awareness when EMS is lost State Estimator that solves even during contingencies Expanded visibility with Virtual PMUs EMS State Estimation Station (one line) visualization Alarming Contingency Analysis Study Analysis AGC Remote SCADA control

Deployment Plans DEC leads deployment thus far in industry PJM and Dominion Virginia Power running internally developed LSE BPA using a LSE (not PhasorNXT) to improve PMU data quality ERCOT deployed in test environment SCE deployed as pilot project to increase observability through virtual PMUs DEC currently running in QA environment Running continuously for 9 months with no crashes License Issues Leverage DEF PMU Visualization project as an enterprise program to capitalize license cost Shared instance for DEC and DEP Separate DEF instance DEMW will continue to leverage PJM EPG awarded DOE project on funding for development of Contingency Analysis Study Application

Situational Awareness with PhasorNXT at Duke System level one-line with eLSE value Able to drill down to substation level one-line

ERCOT Use Case Examples © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

PhasorNXT at ERCOT EPG visited ERCOT in January 2017 to install PhasorNXT and DataNXT Worked with Operations Support and EMS Production Support teams to develop use case and new RTDMS displays in test environment Established a strong use case to have backup, PMU-based monitoring capabilities of ERCOT Generic Transmission Constraints (GTC) Demonstrated PMU-EMS integration by using ICCP links from mothballed station in iTest environment Demonstrated ability to transfer down-sampled PMU data into PI Created substation one-lines with real-time PMU raw, supplemented with LSE values

One-line Diagram with Macomber Map Integration Capability to create, import, edit, map signals, export and save one-line diagrams to database Integrated with customers’ existing one-line diagram format ERCOT: Macomber Map Duke: DDL file from Alstom EMS

Substation Neighborhood One-line with PMU Raw Data/LSE Values

ERCOT Specific Use Cases Individual GTC Visibility Visibility when EMS is down Solve independently for each GTC Monitor voltage mag & ang, power flows of interface Monitor voltage stability, oscillations Example: Panhandle Export Monitoring Monitor 8 tie lines interface Retain operating at last export limits Voltage stability issues Wind curtailment Generation re-dispatch NERC 30min rule

Panhandle Export GTC Display

ERCOT Live Demonstration © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

I don’t have much PMU coverage in my system. DRAFT I don’t have much PMU coverage in my system. What’s the value?

Current PMU Coverage at SCE - 13 Substations © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

eLSE Extended Visibility From 13 to 52 Substations at SCE Elements # PMU 19 Phasor Measurements 103 Substations 52 Lines 92 Line Segments Transformers 154 Nodes 2775 Breakers 731 Switches 2004 Series Capacitors 12 Shunt Capacitors 41 Extended Coverage For: Line Closing Remedial Action Scheme (RAS) Testing Operator Training

© Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved Deployment Implementation Time Frame: 4 Weeks - 3 Months EMS model integration with PMU signal mapping (~4 weeks) Real-time breaker status via ICCP, file integration (~1 week) Existing one-line diagram integration Alstom DDL file and Macomber Map format (1 week) Other Format (~6 weeks) Note: Time is estimated based on experience. May vary due to specific utility model. © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved Q&A, Discussion Your Practice, Use Cases, Suggestions © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved Q&A, Discussion Q&A Grid Resiliency Your Practices Use Cases Pain Points Suggestions Next Webinar Focus Priority Other topics © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved EPG Webinar Series Extracting large amounts of synchrophasor data efficiently for offline analysis. (August 2016) Quickly creating an event report that could be distributed to operators, engineers and managers. (Sept. 2016) System Model Validation for MOD-33 Requirement (Oct. 12) Configuring alarms and validate parameters to provide meaningful results for operators. (Dec 14) Synchrophasor Intelligence in EMS for Use in Operations (Jan 2017) Use Cases of Linear State Estimator Technology for Grid Resiliency (Feb 2017) Remote/Mobile access with local host for real-time monitoring and event diagnostics during emergencies (March 2017) Data Mining for grid events of different types, e.g. oscillations, generator trips etc. Using composite alarms as early warning for operator action Addressing data issues, such as PMU timing, phase correction, etc. ePDC/DataNXT/RTDMS pub/sub Synchrophasor Distribution Service Other topics? © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

© Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved Summary Challenge & Need PhasorNXT for Improving Grid Resiliency Guaranteed State Estimation Solution Assist Control Center Operation resulting from EMS Failure, Cyber, or Physical Attacks Demonstration of Emergency Response Capability Data Quality Assurance High Resolution for Monitoring System Dynamics (e.g. Phase Angles, Oscillations, Sensitivities, etc.) Extend PMU Grid Visibility Duke Energy Use Case Example ERCOT Use Case Example and Demo Discussion © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved

Thank you for participating! If you have any questions regarding any part of the webinar, please contact us at Contact@electricpowergroup.com http://electricpowergroup.com/webinars.html 201 S. Lake Ave., Ste. 400 Pasadena, CA 91101 626-685-2015